Security hardening: sessions, SSRF, CSP nonce, CSRF logout, trusted proxies (#4275)

* refactor(session): store user ID in session instead of full struct

Replaces storing the full User object in the session cookie with just
the user ID. GetLoginUser now re-fetches the user from the database on
every request so credential/permission changes take effect immediately
without requiring a re-login. Includes a backward-compatible migration
path for existing sessions that still carry the old struct payload.

* feat(auth): block panel with default admin/admin credentials and guide credential change

checkLogin middleware now detects default admin/admin credentials and
redirects every panel route to /panel/settings until they are changed.
The settings page auto-opens the Authentication tab, shows a
non-dismissible error banner, and lists 'Default credentials' first in
the security checklist. Login response includes mustChangeCredentials
so the login page can redirect directly. Logout is now POST-only.
Password must be at least 10 characters and cannot be admin/admin.

* feat(settings): redact secrets in AllSettingView and add TrustedProxyCIDRs

Introduces AllSettingView which strips tgBotToken, twoFactorToken,
ldapPassword, apiToken and warp/nord secrets before sending them to
the browser, replacing them with boolean hasFoo presence flags. A new
/panel/setting/secret endpoint allows updating individual secrets by
key. Secrets that arrive blank on a save are preserved from the DB
rather than overwritten. Adds TrustedProxyCIDRs as a configurable
setting (defaults to localhost CIDRs). URL fields are validated before
save.

* fix(security): SSRF prevention, trusted-proxy header gating, CSP nonce, HTTP timeouts

Adds SanitizeHTTPURL / SanitizePublicHTTPURL to reject private-range
and loopback targets before any outbound HTTP request (node probe,
xray download, outbound test, external traffic inform, tgbot API
server, panel updater). Forwarded headers (X-Real-IP, X-Forwarded-For,
X-Forwarded-Host) are now only trusted when the direct connection
arrives from a CIDR in TrustedProxyCIDRs. CSP policy is tightened with
a per-request nonce. HTTP server gains read/write/idle timeouts. Panel
updater downloads the script to a temp file instead of piping curl into
shell. Xray archive download adds a size cap and response-code check.
backuptotgbot is changed from GET to POST.

* feat(nodes): add allow-private-address toggle per node

Adds AllowPrivateAddress to the Node model (DB default false). When
enabled it bypasses the SSRF private-range check for that node's probe
URL, allowing nodes hosted on RFC-1918 or loopback addresses (e.g.
a private VPN or LAN setup).

* chore: frontend UX improvements, CI pipeline, and dev tooling

- AppSidebar: logout via POST /logout instead of navigating to GET
- InboundList: persist filter state (search, protocol, node) to
  localStorage across page reloads; add protocol and node filter dropdowns
- IndexPage: add health status strip (Xray, CPU, Memory, Update) with
  quick-action buttons
- dependabot: weekly go mod and npm update schedule
- ci.yml: add GitHub Actions workflow for build and vet
- .nvmrc: pin Node 22 for local development
- frontend: bump package.json and package-lock.json
- SubPage, DnsPresetsModal, api-docs: minor fixes

* fix(ci): stub web/dist before go list to satisfy go:embed at compile time

* chore(ui): remove health-strip bar from dashboard top

* Revert "feat(auth): block panel with default admin/admin credentials and guide credential change"

This reverts commit 56ce6073ce09f08147f989858e0e88b3a4359546.

* fix(auth): make logout POST+CSRF and propagate session loss to other tabs

- Switch /logout from GET to POST with CSRFMiddleware so it matches the
  SPA's existing HttpUtil.post('/logout') call (previously 404'd silently)
  and blocks GET-based logout via image tags or link prefetchers. Handler
  now returns JSON; the SPA already navigates client-side.
- Return 401 (instead of 404) from /panel/api/* when the caller is a
  browser XHR (X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest) so the axios interceptor
  redirects to the login page on logout-in-another-tab, cookie expiry,
  and server restart. Anonymous callers still get 404 to keep endpoints
  hidden from casual scanners.
- One-shot the 401 redirect in axios-init.js and hang the rejected
  promise so queued polls don't stack reloads or surface error toasts
  while the browser is navigating away.
- Add the CSP nonce to the runtime-injected <script> in dist.go so the
  panel loads under the existing script-src 'nonce-...' policy.
- Update api-docs endpoints.js: GET /logout doc entry was missing.

* fix(settings): POST /logout after credential change

* fix(auth): invalidate other sessions when credentials change

When the admin changes username/password from one machine, sessions
on every other machine kept working until they manually logged out
because session storage is a signed client-side cookie — there is
no server-side session list to revoke.

Add a per-user LoginEpoch counter stamped into the session at login
and re-verified on every authenticated request. UpdateUser and
UpdateFirstUser bump the epoch (UpdateUser via gorm.Expr so a single
update statement is atomic), so any cookie issued before the change
no longer matches the user's current epoch and GetLoginUser returns
nil — the SPA's 401 interceptor then redirects to the login page.

Backward compatible: the column defaults to 0 and missing cookie
values are treated as 0, so sessions issued before this change
remain valid until the first credential update.

---------

Co-authored-by: Sanaei <ho3ein.sanaei@gmail.com>

web/service/node.go

@@ -105,14 +105,15 @@ func (s *NodeService) Update(id int, in *model.Node) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	updates := map[string]any{
-		"name":      in.Name,
-		"remark":    in.Remark,
-		"scheme":    in.Scheme,
-		"address":   in.Address,
-		"port":      in.Port,
-		"base_path": in.BasePath,
-		"api_token": in.ApiToken,
-		"enable":    in.Enable,
+		"name":                  in.Name,
+		"remark":                in.Remark,
+		"scheme":                in.Scheme,
+		"address":               in.Address,
+		"port":                  in.Port,
+		"base_path":             in.BasePath,
+		"api_token":             in.ApiToken,
+		"enable":                in.Enable,
+		"allow_private_address": in.AllowPrivateAddress,
 	}
 	if err := db.Model(model.Node{}).Where("id = ?", id).Updates(updates).Error; err != nil {
 		return err

web/service/panel.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package service
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
@@ -28,6 +29,11 @@ type PanelUpdateInfo struct {
 	UpdateAvailable bool   `json:"updateAvailable"`
 }
 
+const (
+	panelUpdaterURL      = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MHSanaei/3x-ui/main/update.sh"
+	maxPanelUpdaterBytes = 2 << 20
+)
+
 func (s *PanelService) RestartPanel(delay time.Duration) error {
 	p, err := os.FindProcess(syscall.Getpid())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -67,13 +73,14 @@ func (s *PanelService) StartUpdate() error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("bash is required to run the panel updater: %w", err)
 	}
-	curl, err := exec.LookPath("curl")
+
+	scriptPath, err := downloadPanelUpdater()
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("curl is required to download the panel updater: %w", err)
+		return err
 	}
 
 	mainFolder, serviceFolder := resolveUpdateFolders()
-	updateScript := fmt.Sprintf("set -o pipefail; %s -fLs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MHSanaei/3x-ui/main/update.sh | %s", shellQuote(curl), shellQuote(bash))
+	updateScript := fmt.Sprintf("set -e; trap 'rm -f %s' EXIT; %s %s", shellQuote(scriptPath), shellQuote(bash), shellQuote(scriptPath))
 
 	if systemdRun, err := exec.LookPath("systemd-run"); err == nil {
 		unitName := fmt.Sprintf("x-ui-web-update-%d", time.Now().Unix())
@@ -88,6 +95,7 @@ func (s *PanelService) StartUpdate() error {
 			output := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
 			if !strings.Contains(output, "System has not been booted with systemd") &&
 				!strings.Contains(output, "Failed to connect to bus") {
+				_ = os.Remove(scriptPath)
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to start panel update job: %w: %s", err, output)
 			}
 			logger.Warning("systemd-run is unavailable, falling back to detached update process:", output)
@@ -104,6 +112,7 @@ func (s *PanelService) StartUpdate() error {
 	)
 	setDetachedProcess(cmd)
 	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
+		_ = os.Remove(scriptPath)
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to start panel update job: %w", err)
 	}
 	if err := cmd.Process.Release(); err != nil {
@@ -113,6 +122,44 @@ func (s *PanelService) StartUpdate() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func downloadPanelUpdater() (string, error) {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 15 * time.Second}
+	resp, err := client.Get(panelUpdaterURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("download panel updater: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("download panel updater: unexpected HTTP %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	file, err := os.CreateTemp("", "3x-ui-update-*.sh")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	path := file.Name()
+	ok := false
+	defer func() {
+		_ = file.Close()
+		if !ok {
+			_ = os.Remove(path)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	n, err := io.Copy(file, io.LimitReader(resp.Body, maxPanelUpdaterBytes+1))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("write panel updater: %w", err)
+	}
+	if n > maxPanelUpdaterBytes {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("panel updater exceeds %d bytes", maxPanelUpdaterBytes)
+	}
+	if err := file.Chmod(0700); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	ok = true
+	return path, nil
+}
+
 func fetchLatestPanelVersion() (string, error) {
 	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
 	resp, err := client.Get("https://api.github.com/repos/MHSanaei/3x-ui/releases/latest")

web/service/server.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
+	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -493,6 +494,11 @@ func (s *ServerService) sampleCPUUtilization() (float64, error) {
 
 var xrayVersionsClient = &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
 
+const (
+	maxXrayArchiveBytes = 200 << 20
+	maxXrayBinaryBytes  = 200 << 20
+)
+
 func (s *ServerService) GetXrayVersions() ([]string, error) {
 	const (
 		XrayURL    = "https://api.github.com/repos/XTLS/Xray-core/releases"
@@ -601,28 +607,53 @@ func (s *ServerService) downloadXRay(version string) (string, error) {
 
 	fileName := fmt.Sprintf("Xray-%s-%s.zip", osName, arch)
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases/download/%s/%s", version, fileName)
-	resp, err := http.Get(url)
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 60 * time.Second}
+	resp, err := client.Get(url)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("download xray: unexpected HTTP %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	if resp.ContentLength > maxXrayArchiveBytes {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("download xray: archive exceeds %d bytes", maxXrayArchiveBytes)
+	}
 
-	os.Remove(fileName)
-	file, err := os.Create(fileName)
+	file, err := os.CreateTemp("", "xray-*.zip")
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
-	defer file.Close()
+	path := file.Name()
+	ok := false
+	defer func() {
+		_ = file.Close()
+		if !ok {
+			_ = os.Remove(path)
+		}
+	}()
 
-	_, err = io.Copy(file, resp.Body)
+	n, err := io.Copy(file, io.LimitReader(resp.Body, maxXrayArchiveBytes+1))
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
+	if n > maxXrayArchiveBytes {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("download xray: archive exceeds %d bytes", maxXrayArchiveBytes)
+	}
 
-	return fileName, nil
+	ok = true
+	return path, nil
 }
 
 func (s *ServerService) UpdateXray(version string) error {
+	versions, err := s.GetXrayVersions()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !slices.Contains(versions, version) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("xray version %q is not in the fetched release list", version)
+	}
+
 	// 1. Stop xray before doing anything
 	if err := s.StopXrayService(); err != nil {
 		logger.Warning("failed to stop xray before update:", err)
@@ -657,15 +688,42 @@ func (s *ServerService) UpdateXray(version string) error {
 			return err
 		}
 		defer zipFile.Close()
-		os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(fileName), 0755)
-		os.Remove(fileName)
-		file, err := os.OpenFile(fileName, os.O_CREATE|os.O_RDWR|os.O_TRUNC, 0755)
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(fileName), 0755); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		tmpFile, err := os.CreateTemp(filepath.Dir(fileName), ".xray-*")
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		defer file.Close()
-		_, err = io.Copy(file, zipFile)
-		return err
+		tmpPath := tmpFile.Name()
+		ok := false
+		defer func() {
+			_ = tmpFile.Close()
+			if !ok {
+				_ = os.Remove(tmpPath)
+			}
+		}()
+		n, err := io.Copy(tmpFile, io.LimitReader(zipFile, maxXrayBinaryBytes+1))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if n > maxXrayBinaryBytes {
+			return fmt.Errorf("xray binary exceeds %d bytes", maxXrayBinaryBytes)
+		}
+		if err := tmpFile.Chmod(0755); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := tmpFile.Close(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+			_ = os.Remove(fileName)
+		}
+		if err := os.Rename(tmpPath, fileName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		ok = true
+		return nil
 	}
 
 	// 4. Extract correct binary

web/service/setting.go

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ var defaultValueMap = map[string]string{
 	"apiToken":                    "",
 	"webBasePath":                 "/",
 	"sessionMaxAge":               "360",
+	"trustedProxyCIDRs":           "127.0.0.1/32,::1/128",
 	"pageSize":                    "25",
 	"expireDiff":                  "0",
 	"trafficDiff":                 "0",
@@ -199,6 +200,32 @@ func (s *SettingService) GetAllSetting() (*entity.AllSetting, error) {
 	return allSetting, nil
 }
 
+func (s *SettingService) GetAllSettingView() (*entity.AllSettingView, error) {
+	allSetting, err := s.GetAllSetting()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	view := &entity.AllSettingView{AllSetting: *allSetting}
+	view.HasTgBotToken = secretConfigured(allSetting.TgBotToken)
+	view.HasTwoFactorToken = secretConfigured(allSetting.TwoFactorToken)
+	view.HasLdapPassword = secretConfigured(allSetting.LdapPassword)
+	view.HasWarpSecret = secretConfigured(mustString(s.GetWarp()))
+	view.HasNordSecret = secretConfigured(mustString(s.GetNord()))
+	view.HasApiToken = secretConfigured(mustString(s.getString("apiToken")))
+	view.TgBotToken = ""
+	view.TwoFactorToken = ""
+	view.LdapPassword = ""
+	return view, nil
+}
+
+func secretConfigured(value string) bool {
+	return strings.TrimSpace(value) != ""
+}
+
+func mustString(value string, _ error) string {
+	return value
+}
+
 func (s *SettingService) ResetSettings() error {
 	db := database.GetDB()
 	err := db.Where("1 = 1").Delete(model.Setting{}).Error
@@ -286,7 +313,11 @@ func (s *SettingService) GetXrayOutboundTestUrl() (string, error) {
 }
 
 func (s *SettingService) SetXrayOutboundTestUrl(url string) error {
-	return s.setString("xrayOutboundTestUrl", url)
+	clean, err := SanitizeHTTPURL(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.setString("xrayOutboundTestUrl", clean)
 }
 
 func (s *SettingService) GetListen() (string, error) {
@@ -417,6 +448,10 @@ func (s *SettingService) GetSessionMaxAge() (int, error) {
 	return s.getInt("sessionMaxAge")
 }
 
+func (s *SettingService) GetTrustedProxyCIDRs() (string, error) {
+	return s.getString("trustedProxyCIDRs")
+}
+
 func (s *SettingService) GetRemarkModel() (string, error) {
 	return s.getString("remarkModel")
 }
@@ -771,6 +806,12 @@ func (s *SettingService) GetLdapDefaultLimitIP() (int, error) {
 }
 
 func (s *SettingService) UpdateAllSetting(allSetting *entity.AllSetting) error {
+	if err := s.preserveRedactedSecrets(allSetting); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := validateSettingsURLs(allSetting); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if err := allSetting.CheckValid(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -791,6 +832,58 @@ func (s *SettingService) UpdateAllSetting(allSetting *entity.AllSetting) error {
 	return common.Combine(errs...)
 }
 
+func (s *SettingService) preserveRedactedSecrets(allSetting *entity.AllSetting) error {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(allSetting.TgBotToken) == "" {
+		value, err := s.GetTgBotToken()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		allSetting.TgBotToken = value
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(allSetting.LdapPassword) == "" {
+		value, err := s.GetLdapPassword()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		allSetting.LdapPassword = value
+	}
+	if allSetting.TwoFactorEnable && strings.TrimSpace(allSetting.TwoFactorToken) == "" {
+		value, err := s.GetTwoFactorToken()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		allSetting.TwoFactorToken = value
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateSettingsURLs(allSetting *entity.AllSetting) error {
+	if allSetting.ExternalTrafficInformURI != "" {
+		u, err := SanitizeHTTPURL(allSetting.ExternalTrafficInformURI)
+		if err != nil {
+			return common.NewError("external traffic inform URI is invalid:", err)
+		}
+		allSetting.ExternalTrafficInformURI = u
+	}
+	if allSetting.TgBotAPIServer != "" {
+		u, err := SanitizeHTTPURL(allSetting.TgBotAPIServer)
+		if err != nil {
+			return common.NewError("telegram API server URL is invalid:", err)
+		}
+		allSetting.TgBotAPIServer = u
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *SettingService) UpdateSecret(key string, value string) error {
+	switch key {
+	case "tgBotToken", "ldapPassword", "twoFactorToken", "apiToken":
+		return s.saveSetting(key, strings.TrimSpace(value))
+	default:
+		return common.NewError("secret key is not replaceable:", key)
+	}
+}
+
 func (s *SettingService) GetDefaultXrayConfig() (any, error) {
 	var jsonData any
 	err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(xrayTemplateConfig), &jsonData)

web/service/setting_security_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v3/database"
+)
+
+func setupSettingTestDB(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := database.InitDB(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "x-ui.db")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if err := database.CloseDB(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestGetAllSettingViewRedactsSecrets(t *testing.T) {
+	setupSettingTestDB(t)
+	s := &SettingService{}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("tgBotToken", "telegram-secret"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("twoFactorToken", "totp-secret"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("ldapPassword", "ldap-secret"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("apiToken", "api-secret"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	view, err := s.GetAllSettingView()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if view.TgBotToken != "" || view.TwoFactorToken != "" || view.LdapPassword != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("settings view leaked secrets: %#v", view)
+	}
+	if !view.HasTgBotToken || !view.HasTwoFactorToken || !view.HasLdapPassword || !view.HasApiToken {
+		t.Fatalf("settings view did not report configured secret flags: %#v", view)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateAllSettingPreservesRedactedSecrets(t *testing.T) {
+	setupSettingTestDB(t)
+	s := &SettingService{}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("tgBotToken", "telegram-secret"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("ldapPassword", "ldap-secret"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("twoFactorEnable", "true"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.saveSetting("twoFactorToken", "totp-secret"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	view, err := s.GetAllSettingView()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	settings := &view.AllSetting
+	if err := s.UpdateAllSetting(settings); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got, _ := s.GetTgBotToken(); got != "telegram-secret" {
+		t.Fatalf("tg token = %q, want preserved secret", got)
+	}
+	if got, _ := s.GetLdapPassword(); got != "ldap-secret" {
+		t.Fatalf("ldap password = %q, want preserved secret", got)
+	}
+	if got, _ := s.GetTwoFactorToken(); got != "totp-secret" {
+		t.Fatalf("2fa token = %q, want preserved secret", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizePublicHTTPURLBlocksPrivateAddressUnlessAllowed(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := SanitizePublicHTTPURL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/hook", false); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected localhost URL to be blocked")
+	}
+	if got, err := SanitizePublicHTTPURL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/hook", true); err != nil || got != "http://127.0.0.1:8080/hook" {
+		t.Fatalf("allowPrivate result = %q, %v", got, err)
+	}
+}

web/service/tgbot.go

@@ -341,15 +341,12 @@ func (t *Tgbot) NewBot(token string, proxyUrl string, apiServerUrl string) (*tel
 
 	// Validate API server URL if provided
 	if apiServerUrl != "" {
-		if !strings.HasPrefix(apiServerUrl, "http") {
-			logger.Warning("Invalid http(s) URL for API server, using default")
+		safeURL, err := SanitizePublicHTTPURL(apiServerUrl, false)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Warningf("Invalid or blocked API server URL, using default: %v", err)
 			apiServerUrl = ""
 		} else {
-			_, err := url.Parse(apiServerUrl)
-			if err != nil {
-				logger.Warningf("Can't parse API server URL, using default: %v", err)
-				apiServerUrl = ""
-			}
+			apiServerUrl = safeURL
 		}
 	}
 

web/service/url_safety.go

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// SanitizeHTTPURL validates and normalizes an http(s) URL without resolving
+// DNS. Use SanitizePublicHTTPURL at the point of an outbound request.
+func SanitizeHTTPURL(raw string) (string, error) {
+	raw = strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+	if raw == "" {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	u, err := url.Parse(raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if u.Scheme != "http" && u.Scheme != "https" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("unsupported URL scheme %q", u.Scheme)
+	}
+	if u.Host == "" || u.Hostname() == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("URL host is required")
+	}
+	clean := &url.URL{
+		Scheme:   u.Scheme,
+		Host:     u.Host,
+		Path:     u.Path,
+		RawPath:  u.RawPath,
+		RawQuery: u.RawQuery,
+		Fragment: u.Fragment,
+	}
+	return clean.String(), nil
+}
+
+// SanitizePublicHTTPURL validates and normalizes an http(s) URL, then blocks
+// private/internal targets unless the caller explicitly allows them.
+func SanitizePublicHTTPURL(raw string, allowPrivate bool) (string, error) {
+	clean, err := SanitizeHTTPURL(raw)
+	if err != nil || clean == "" {
+		return clean, err
+	}
+	if allowPrivate {
+		return clean, nil
+	}
+	u, err := url.Parse(clean)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	if err := rejectPrivateHost(ctx, u.Hostname()); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return clean, nil
+}
+
+func rejectPrivateHost(ctx context.Context, hostname string) error {
+	if ip := net.ParseIP(hostname); ip != nil {
+		if isBlockedIP(ip) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("blocked private/internal address %s", ip.String())
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	ips, err := net.DefaultResolver.LookupIPAddr(ctx, hostname)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot resolve host %s: %w", hostname, err)
+	}
+	if len(ips) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("host %s has no IP addresses", hostname)
+	}
+	for _, ipAddr := range ips {
+		if isBlockedIP(ipAddr.IP) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("host %s resolves to blocked private/internal address %s", hostname, ipAddr.IP.String())
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

web/service/user.go

@@ -122,7 +122,11 @@ func (s *UserService) UpdateUser(id int, username string, password string) error
 
 	return db.Model(model.User{}).
 		Where("id = ?", id).
-		Updates(map[string]any{"username": username, "password": hashedPassword}).
+		Updates(map[string]any{
+			"username":    username,
+			"password":    hashedPassword,
+			"login_epoch": gorm.Expr("login_epoch + 1"),
+		}).
 		Error
 }
 
@@ -150,5 +154,6 @@ func (s *UserService) UpdateFirstUser(username string, password string) error {
 	}
 	user.Username = username
 	user.Password = hashedPassword
+	user.LoginEpoch++
 	return db.Save(user).Error
 }

web/service/xray_metrics.go

@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ type ObsTagSnapshot struct {
 type XrayMetricsService struct {
 	settingService SettingService
 
-	mu        sync.RWMutex
-	state     xrayMetricsState
-	client    *http.Client
-	obsByTag  map[string]ObsTagSnapshot
+	mu       sync.RWMutex
+	state    xrayMetricsState
+	client   *http.Client
+	obsByTag map[string]ObsTagSnapshot
 }
 
 var validObsTag = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-zA-Z0-9._\-]+$`)