documentation: Bump version

Add inline rule-set & Add reload for local rule-set
Unique rule-set names
2026-10-21 00:34:24 +00:00 · 2024-07-13 17:47:57 +08:00 · 2024-07-13 17:47:41 +08:00 · 2024-07-13 17:47:41 +08:00 · 2024-07-13 17:47:40 +08:00 · 2024-07-13 17:47:40 +08:00
142 changed files with 4685 additions and 1997 deletions
@@ -33,26 +33,6 @@ jobs:
      - name: Run Test
        run: |
          go test -v ./...
-  build_go118:
-    name: Debug build (Go 1.18)
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@0ad4b8fadaa221de15dcec353f45205ec38ea70b # v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Setup Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ~1.18
-      - name: Cache go module
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: go118-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
-      - name: Run Test
-        run: make ci_build_go118
  build_go120:
    name: Debug build (Go 1.20)
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -1,93 +1,16 @@
-name: Publish Docker Images
+name: Build Docker Images

 on:
  release:
    types:
-      - published
+      - released
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      tag:
        description: "The tag version you want to build"
-
-env:
-  REGISTRY_IMAGE: ghcr.io/sagernet/sing-box
-
 jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: true
-      matrix:
-        platform:
-          - linux/amd64
-          - linux/arm/v6
-          - linux/arm/v7
-          - linux/arm64
-          - linux/386
-          - linux/ppc64le
-          - linux/riscv64
-          - linux/s390x
-    steps:
-      - name: Get commit to build
-        id: ref
-        run: |-
-          if [[ -z "${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}" ]]; then
-            ref="${{ github.ref_name }}"
-          else
-            ref="${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}"
-          fi
-          echo "ref=$ref"
-          echo "ref=$ref" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4
-        with:
-          ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Prepare
-        run: |
-          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
-          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Setup QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      - name: Setup Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Docker meta
-        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
-        with:
-          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}
-      - name: Build and push by digest
-        id: build
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
-        with:
-          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
-          context: .
-          build-args: |
-            BUILDKIT_CONTEXT_KEEP_GIT_DIR=1
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
-          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
-      - name: Export digest
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p /tmp/digests
-          digest="${{ steps.build.outputs.digest }}"
-          touch "/tmp/digests/${digest#sha256:}"
-      - name: Upload digest
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: digests-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
-          path: /tmp/digests/*
-          if-no-files-found: error
-          retention-days: 1
-  merge:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs:
-      - build
    steps:
      - name: Get commit to build
        id: ref
@@ -106,28 +29,34 @@ jobs:
          fi
          echo "latest=$latest"
          echo "latest=$latest" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4
        with:
-          path: /tmp/digests
-          pattern: digests-*
-          merge-multiple: true
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+          ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
+      - name: Setup Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Setup QEMU for Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Create manifest list and push
-        working-directory: /tmp/digests
-        run: |
-          docker buildx imagetools create \
-            -t "${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.latest }}" \
-            -t "${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}" \
-            $(printf '${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}@sha256:%s ' *)
-      - name: Inspect image
-        run: |
-          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.latest }}
-          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
+      - name: Docker metadata
+        id: metadata
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: ghcr.io/sagernet/sing-box
+      - name: Build and release Docker images
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          platforms: linux/386,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/s390x
+          context: .
+          target: dist
+          build-args: |
+            BUILDKIT_CONTEXT_KEEP_GIT_DIR=1
+          tags: |
+            ghcr.io/sagernet/sing-box:${{ steps.ref.outputs.latest }}
+            ghcr.io/sagernet/sing-box:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
+          push: true
@@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ jobs:
        with:
          stale-issue-message: 'This issue is stale because it has been open 60 days with no activity. Remove stale label or comment or this will be closed in 5 days'
          days-before-stale: 60
-          days-before-close: 5
-          exempt-issue-labels: 'bug,enhancement'
+          days-before-close: 5
@@ -6,7 +6,14 @@ linters:
    - gci
    - staticcheck
    - paralleltest
-    - ineffassign
+
+run:
+  skip-dirs:
+    - transport/simple-obfs
+    - transport/clashssr
+    - transport/cloudflaretls
+    - transport/shadowtls/tls
+    - transport/shadowtls/tls_go119

 linters-settings:
  gci:
@@ -16,13 +23,4 @@ linters-settings:
      - prefix(github.com/sagernet/)
      - default
  staticcheck:
-    checks:
-      - all
-      - -SA1003
-
-run:
-  go: "1.23"
-
-issues:
-  exclude-dirs:
-    - transport/simple-obfs
+    go: '1.20'
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ builds:
      - linux_arm_7
      - linux_s390x
      - linux_riscv64
-      - linux_mips64le
    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
 snapshot:
  name_template: "{{ .Version }}.{{ .ShortCommit }}"
@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@ builds:
      - -v
      - -trimpath
    ldflags:
-      - -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version={{ .Version }}
-      - -s
-      - -buildid=
+      - -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version={{ .Version }} -s -w -buildid=
    tags:
      - with_gvisor
      - with_quic
@@ -27,11 +25,9 @@ builds:
      - linux_amd64_v1
      - linux_amd64_v3
      - linux_arm64
-      - linux_arm_6
      - linux_arm_7
      - linux_s390x
      - linux_riscv64
-      - linux_mips64le
      - windows_amd64_v1
      - windows_amd64_v3
      - windows_386
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 NAME = sing-box
 COMMIT = $(shell git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-TAGS_GO118 = with_gvisor,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_reality_server,with_clash_api
-TAGS_GO120 = with_quic,with_utls
+TAGS_GO120 = with_gvisor,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_reality_server,with_clash_api,with_quic,with_utls
 TAGS_GO121 = with_ech
 TAGS ?= $(TAGS_GO118),$(TAGS_GO120),$(TAGS_GO121)
 TAGS_TEST ?= with_gvisor,with_quic,with_wireguard,with_grpc,with_ech,with_utls,with_reality_server
@@ -20,13 +19,9 @@ PREFIX ?= $(shell go env GOPATH)
 build:
 	go build $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)

-ci_build_go118:
-	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
-	go build $(PARAMS) -tags "$(TAGS_GO118)" $(MAIN)
-
 ci_build_go120:
 	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
-	go build $(PARAMS) -tags "$(TAGS_GO118),$(TAGS_GO120)" $(MAIN)
+	go build $(PARAMS) -tags "$(TAGS_GO120)" $(MAIN)

 ci_build:
 	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
@@ -104,12 +99,10 @@ publish_android:
 publish_android_appcenter:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-android && ./gradlew :app:appCenterAssembleAndUploadPlayRelease

-
-# TODO: find why and remove `-destination 'generic/platform=iOS'`
 build_ios:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
 	rm -rf build/SFI.xcarchive && \
-	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFI -configuration Release -destination 'generic/platform=iOS' -archivePath build/SFI.xcarchive -allowProvisioningUpdates
+	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFI -configuration Release -archivePath build/SFI.xcarchive

 upload_ios_app_store:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
@@ -120,61 +113,55 @@ release_ios: build_ios upload_ios_app_store
 build_macos:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
 	rm -rf build/SFM.xcarchive && \
-	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFM -configuration Release -archivePath build/SFM.xcarchive -allowProvisioningUpdates
+	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFM -configuration Release -archivePath build/SFM.xcarchive

 upload_macos_app_store:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
-	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath build/SFM.xcarchive -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates
+	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath build/SFM.xcarchive -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist  -allowProvisioningUpdates

 release_macos: build_macos upload_macos_app_store

-build_macos_standalone:
+build_macos_independent:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
-	rm -rf build/SFM.System.xcarchive && \
-	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFM.System -configuration Release -archivePath build/SFM.System.xcarchive -allowProvisioningUpdates
+	rm -rf build/SFT.System.xcarchive && \
+	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFM.System -configuration Release -archivePath build/SFM.System.xcarchive

-build_macos_dmg:
+notarize_macos_independent:
+	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
+	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath "build/SFM.System.xcarchive" -exportOptionsPlist SFM.System/Upload.plist  -allowProvisioningUpdates
+
+wait_notarize_macos_independent:
+	sleep 60
+
+export_macos_independent:
 	rm -rf dist/SFM
 	mkdir -p dist/SFM
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
-	rm -rf build/SFM.System && \
-	rm -rf build/SFM.dmg && \
-	xcodebuild -exportArchive \
-		-archivePath "build/SFM.System.xcarchive" \
-		-exportOptionsPlist SFM.System/Export.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates \
-		-exportPath "build/SFM.System" && \
-	create-dmg \
-		--volname "sing-box" \
-		--volicon "build/SFM.System/SFM.app/Contents/Resources/AppIcon.icns" \
-		--icon "SFM.app" 0 0 \
- 		--hide-extension "SFM.app" \
- 		--app-drop-link 0 0 \
- 		--skip-jenkins \
-		--notarize "notarytool-password" \
-		"../sing-box/dist/SFM/SFM.dmg" "build/SFM.System/SFM.app"
+	xcodebuild -exportNotarizedApp -archivePath build/SFM.System.xcarchive -exportPath "../sing-box/dist/SFM"

-upload_macos_dmg:
+upload_macos_independent:
 	cd dist/SFM && \
-	cp SFM.dmg "SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dmg" && \
-	ghr --replace --draft --prerelease "v${VERSION}" "SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dmg"
+	rm -f *.zip && \
+	zip -ry "SFM-${VERSION}-universal.zip" SFM.app && \
+	ghr --replace --draft --prerelease "v${VERSION}" *.zip

-release_macos_standalone: build_macos_standalone build_macos_dmg upload_macos_dmg
+release_macos_independent: build_macos_independent notarize_macos_independent wait_notarize_macos_independent export_macos_independent upload_macos_independent

 build_tvos:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
 	rm -rf build/SFT.xcarchive && \
-	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFT -configuration Release -archivePath build/SFT.xcarchive -allowProvisioningUpdates
+	xcodebuild archive -scheme SFT -configuration Release -archivePath build/SFT.xcarchive

 upload_tvos_app_store:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
-	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath "build/SFT.xcarchive" -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates
+	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath "build/SFT.xcarchive" -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist  -allowProvisioningUpdates

 release_tvos: build_tvos upload_tvos_app_store

 update_apple_version:
 	go run ./cmd/internal/update_apple_version

-release_apple: lib_ios update_apple_version release_ios release_macos release_tvos
+release_apple: lib_ios update_apple_version release_ios release_macos release_tvos release_macos_independent

 release_apple_beta: update_apple_version release_ios release_macos release_tvos

@@ -201,8 +188,8 @@ lib:
 	go run ./cmd/internal/build_libbox -target ios

 lib_install:
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.4
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.4
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.3
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.3

 docs:
 	venv/bin/mkdocs serve
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ The universal proxy platform.

 https://sing-box.sagernet.org

+## Support
+
+https://community.sagernet.org/c/sing-box/
+
 ## License

 ```
@@ -4,14 +4,13 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
-	"io"
 	"net"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/urltest"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

 type ClashServer interface {
@@ -56,16 +55,15 @@ func (s *SavedRuleSet) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteUVariant(&buffer, uint64(len(s.Content)))
+	err = varbin.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, s.Content)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	buffer.Write(s.Content)
 	err = binary.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, s.LastUpdated.Unix())
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteVString(&buffer, s.LastEtag)
+	err = varbin.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, s.LastEtag)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -79,12 +77,7 @@ func (s *SavedRuleSet) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	contentLen, err := rw.ReadUVariant(reader)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	s.Content = make([]byte, contentLen)
-	_, err = io.ReadFull(reader, s.Content)
+	err = varbin.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &s.Content)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -94,7 +87,7 @@ func (s *SavedRuleSet) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	s.LastUpdated = time.Unix(lastUpdated, 0)
-	s.LastEtag, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+	err = varbin.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &s.LastEtag)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -51,7 +51,9 @@ type InboundContext struct {

 	// rule cache

-	IPCIDRMatchSource            bool
+	IPCIDRMatchSource bool
+	IPCIDRAcceptEmpty bool
+
 	SourceAddressMatch           bool
 	SourcePortMatch              bool
 	DestinationAddressMatch      bool
@@ -62,6 +64,7 @@ type InboundContext struct {

 func (c *InboundContext) ResetRuleCache() {
 	c.IPCIDRMatchSource = false
+	c.IPCIDRAcceptEmpty = false
 	c.SourceAddressMatch = false
 	c.SourcePortMatch = false
 	c.DestinationAddressMatch = false
@@ -10,15 +10,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-tun"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"

 	mdns "github.com/miekg/dns"
+	"go4.org/netipx"
 )

 type Router interface {
 	Service
 	PreStarter
 	PostStarter
+	Cleanup() error

 	Outbounds() []Outbound
 	Outbound(tag string) (Outbound, bool)
@@ -45,7 +48,9 @@ type Router interface {
 	DefaultInterface() string
 	AutoDetectInterface() bool
 	AutoDetectInterfaceFunc() control.Func
-	DefaultMark() int
+	DefaultMark() uint32
+	RegisterAutoRedirectOutputMark(mark uint32) error
+	AutoRedirectOutputMark() uint32
 	NetworkMonitor() tun.NetworkUpdateMonitor
 	InterfaceMonitor() tun.DefaultInterfaceMonitor
 	PackageManager() tun.PackageManager
@@ -92,12 +97,22 @@ type DNSRule interface {
 }

 type RuleSet interface {
+	Name() string
 	StartContext(ctx context.Context, startContext RuleSetStartContext) error
+	PostStart() error
 	Metadata() RuleSetMetadata
+	ExtractIPSet() []*netipx.IPSet
+	IncRef()
+	DecRef()
+	Cleanup()
+	RegisterCallback(callback RuleSetUpdateCallback) *list.Element[RuleSetUpdateCallback]
+	UnregisterCallback(element *list.Element[RuleSetUpdateCallback])
 	Close() error
 	HeadlessRule
 }

+type RuleSetUpdateCallback func(it RuleSet)
+
 type RuleSetMetadata struct {
 	ContainsProcessRule bool
 	ContainsWIFIRule    bool
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			ctx,
 			router,
 			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("inbound/", inboundOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
+			tag,
 			inboundOptions,
 			options.PlatformInterface,
 		)
@@ -302,7 +303,11 @@ func (s *Box) start() error {
 			return E.Cause(err, "initialize inbound/", in.Type(), "[", tag, "]")
 		}
 	}
-	return s.postStart()
+	err = s.postStart()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.router.Cleanup()
 }

 func (s *Box) postStart() error {
@@ -312,16 +317,28 @@ func (s *Box) postStart() error {
 			return E.Cause(err, "start ", serviceName)
 		}
 	}
-	for _, outbound := range s.outbounds {
-		if lateOutbound, isLateOutbound := outbound.(adapter.PostStarter); isLateOutbound {
+	// TODO: reorganize ALL start order
+	for _, out := range s.outbounds {
+		if lateOutbound, isLateOutbound := out.(adapter.PostStarter); isLateOutbound {
 			err := lateOutbound.PostStart()
 			if err != nil {
-				return E.Cause(err, "post-start outbound/", outbound.Tag())
+				return E.Cause(err, "post-start outbound/", out.Tag())
 			}
 		}
 	}
-
-	return s.router.PostStart()
+	err := s.router.PostStart()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, in := range s.inbounds {
+		if lateInbound, isLateInbound := in.(adapter.PostStarter); isLateInbound {
+			err = lateInbound.PostStart()
+			if err != nil {
+				return E.Cause(err, "post-start inbound/", in.Tag())
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
 }

 func (s *Box) Close() error {
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ func (s *Box) startOutbounds() error {
 			}
 			started[outboundTag] = true
 			canContinue = true
-			if starter, isStarter := outboundToStart.(common.Starter); isStarter {
+			if starter, isStarter := outboundToStart.(interface {
+				Start() error
+			}); isStarter {
 				monitor.Start("initialize outbound/", outboundToStart.Type(), "[", outboundTag, "]")
 				err := starter.Start()
 				monitor.Finish()
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func buildAndroid() {

 	const name = "libbox.aar"
 	copyPath := filepath.Join("..", "sing-box-for-android", "app", "libs")
-	if rw.FileExists(copyPath) {
+	if rw.IsDir(copyPath) {
 		copyPath, _ = filepath.Abs(copyPath)
 		err = rw.CopyFile(name, filepath.Join(copyPath, name))
 		if err != nil {
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ func buildiOS() {
 	}

 	copyPath := filepath.Join("..", "sing-box-for-apple")
-	if rw.FileExists(copyPath) {
+	if rw.IsDir(copyPath) {
 		targetDir := filepath.Join(copyPath, "Libbox.xcframework")
 		targetDir, _ = filepath.Abs(targetDir)
 		os.RemoveAll(targetDir)
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func FindSDK() {
 	}
 	for _, path := range searchPath {
 		path = os.ExpandEnv(path)
-		if rw.FileExists(filepath.Join(path, "licenses", "android-sdk-license")) {
+		if rw.IsFile(filepath.Join(path, "licenses", "android-sdk-license")) {
 			androidSDKPath = path
 			break
 		}
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func FindSDK() {
 func findNDK() bool {
 	const fixedVersion = "26.2.11394342"
 	const versionFile = "source.properties"
-	if fixedPath := filepath.Join(androidSDKPath, "ndk", fixedVersion); rw.FileExists(filepath.Join(fixedPath, versionFile)) {
+	if fixedPath := filepath.Join(androidSDKPath, "ndk", fixedVersion); rw.IsFile(filepath.Join(fixedPath, versionFile)) {
 		androidNDKPath = fixedPath
 		return true
 	}
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func findNDK() bool {
 	})
 	for _, versionName := range versionNames {
 		currentNDKPath := filepath.Join(androidSDKPath, "ndk", versionName)
-		if rw.FileExists(filepath.Join(androidSDKPath, versionFile)) {
+		if rw.IsFile(filepath.Join(androidSDKPath, versionFile)) {
 			androidNDKPath = currentNDKPath
 			log.Warn("reproducibility warning: using NDK version " + versionName + " instead of " + fixedVersion)
 			return true
@@ -100,11 +100,11 @@ var GoBinPath string
 func FindMobile() {
 	goBin := filepath.Join(build.Default.GOPATH, "bin")
 	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-		if !rw.FileExists(filepath.Join(goBin, "gobind.exe")) {
+		if !rw.IsFile(filepath.Join(goBin, "gobind.exe")) {
 			log.Fatal("missing gomobile installation")
 		}
 	} else {
-		if !rw.FileExists(filepath.Join(goBin, "gobind")) {
+		if !rw.IsFile(filepath.Join(goBin, "gobind")) {
 			log.Fatal("missing gomobile installation")
 		}
 	}
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ func main() {
 	common.Must(decoder.Decode(&project))
 	objectsMap := project["objects"].(map[string]any)
 	projectContent := string(common.Must1(os.ReadFile("sing-box.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj")))
-	newContent, updated0 := findAndReplace(objectsMap, projectContent, []string{"io.nekohasekai.sfavt"}, newVersion.VersionString())
-	newContent, updated1 := findAndReplace(objectsMap, newContent, []string{"io.nekohasekai.sfavt.standalone", "io.nekohasekai.sfavt.system"}, newVersion.String())
+	newContent, updated0 := findAndReplace(objectsMap, projectContent, []string{"io.nekohasekai.sfa"}, newVersion.VersionString())
+	newContent, updated1 := findAndReplace(objectsMap, newContent, []string{"io.nekohasekai.sfa.independent", "io.nekohasekai.sfa.system"}, newVersion.String())
 	if updated0 || updated1 {
 		log.Info("updated version to ", newVersion.VersionString(), " (", newVersion.String(), ")")
 	}
@@ -54,7 +54,11 @@ func merge(outputPath string) error {
 			return nil
 		}
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteFile(outputPath, buffer.Bytes())
+	err = rw.MkdirParent(outputPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = os.WriteFile(outputPath, buffer.Bytes(), 0o644)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (

 var commandRuleSet = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "rule-set",
-	Short: "Manage rule sets",
+	Short: "Manage rule-sets",
 }

 func init() {
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ func compileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	ruleSet, err := plainRuleSet.Upgrade()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	ruleSet := plainRuleSet.Upgrade()
 	var outputPath string
 	if flagRuleSetCompileOutput == flagRuleSetCompileDefaultOutput {
 		if strings.HasSuffix(sourcePath, ".json") {
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+var flagRuleSetDecompileOutput string
+
+const flagRuleSetDecompileDefaultOutput = "<file_name>.json"
+
+var commandRuleSetDecompile = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "decompile [binary-path]",
+	Short: "Decompile rule-set binary to json",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		err := decompileRuleSet(args[0])
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	commandRuleSet.AddCommand(commandRuleSetDecompile)
+	commandRuleSetDecompile.Flags().StringVarP(&flagRuleSetDecompileOutput, "output", "o", flagRuleSetDecompileDefaultOutput, "Output file")
+}
+
+func decompileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
+	var (
+		reader io.Reader
+		err    error
+	)
+	if sourcePath == "stdin" {
+		reader = os.Stdin
+	} else {
+		reader, err = os.Open(sourcePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	plainRuleSet, err := srs.Read(reader, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	ruleSet := option.PlainRuleSetCompat{
+		Version: C.RuleSetVersion1,
+		Options: plainRuleSet,
+	}
+	var outputPath string
+	if flagRuleSetDecompileOutput == flagRuleSetDecompileDefaultOutput {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(sourcePath, ".srs") {
+			outputPath = sourcePath[:len(sourcePath)-4] + ".json"
+		} else {
+			outputPath = sourcePath + ".json"
+		}
+	} else {
+		outputPath = flagRuleSetDecompileOutput
+	}
+	outputFile, err := os.Create(outputPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	encoder := json.NewEncoder(outputFile)
+	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	err = encoder.Encode(ruleSet)
+	if err != nil {
+		outputFile.Close()
+		os.Remove(outputPath)
+		return err
+	}
+	outputFile.Close()
+	return nil
+}
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	F "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/format"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
+	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"

 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
@@ -21,8 +22,8 @@ import (
 var flagRuleSetMatchFormat string

 var commandRuleSetMatch = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "match <rule-set path> <domain>",
-	Short: "Check if a domain matches the rule set",
+	Use:   "match <rule-set path> <IP address/domain>",
+	Short: "Check if an IP address or a domain matches the rule-set",
 	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		err := ruleSetMatch(args[0], args[1])
@@ -62,14 +63,24 @@ func ruleSetMatch(sourcePath string, domain string) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		plainRuleSet = compat.Upgrade()
+		plainRuleSet, err = compat.Upgrade()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	case C.RuleSetFormatBinary:
 		plainRuleSet, err = srs.Read(bytes.NewReader(content), false)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	default:
-		return E.New("unknown rule set format: ", flagRuleSetMatchFormat)
+		return E.New("unknown rule-set format: ", flagRuleSetMatchFormat)
+	}
+	ipAddress := M.ParseAddr(domain)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	if ipAddress.IsValid() {
+		metadata.Destination = M.SocksaddrFrom(ipAddress, 0)
+	} else {
+		metadata.Domain = domain
 	}
 	for i, ruleOptions := range plainRuleSet.Rules {
 		var currentRule adapter.HeadlessRule
@@ -77,9 +88,7 @@ func ruleSetMatch(sourcePath string, domain string) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, "parse rule_set.rules.[", i, "]")
 		}
-		if currentRule.Match(&adapter.InboundContext{
-			Domain: domain,
-		}) {
+		if currentRule.Match(&metadata) {
 			println(F.ToString("match rules.[", i, "]: ", currentRule))
 		}
 	}
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func readConfigAndMerge() (option.Options, error) {
 	}
 	var mergedMessage json.RawMessage
 	for _, options := range optionsList {
-		mergedMessage, err = badjson.MergeJSON(options.options.RawMessage, mergedMessage)
+		mergedMessage, err = badjson.MergeJSON(options.options.RawMessage, mergedMessage, false)
 		if err != nil {
 			return option.Options{}, E.Cause(err, "merge config at ", options.path)
 		}
@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"os"

+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"

 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -32,7 +34,10 @@ func init() {
 	commandTools.AddCommand(commandFetch)
 }

-var httpClient *http.Client
+var (
+	httpClient  *http.Client
+	http3Client *http.Client
+)

 func fetch(args []string) error {
 	instance, err := createPreStartedClient()
@@ -53,8 +58,16 @@ func fetch(args []string) error {
 		},
 	}
 	defer httpClient.CloseIdleConnections()
+	if C.WithQUIC {
+		err = initializeHTTP3Client(instance)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer http3Client.CloseIdleConnections()
+	}
 	for _, urlString := range args {
-		parsedURL, err := url.Parse(urlString)
+		var parsedURL *url.URL
+		parsedURL, err = url.Parse(urlString)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -63,16 +76,27 @@ func fetch(args []string) error {
 			parsedURL.Scheme = "http"
 			fallthrough
 		case "http", "https":
-			err = fetchHTTP(parsedURL)
+			err = fetchHTTP(httpClient, parsedURL)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
+		case "http3":
+			if !C.WithQUIC {
+				return C.ErrQUICNotIncluded
+			}
+			parsedURL.Scheme = "https"
+			err = fetchHTTP(http3Client, parsedURL)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		default:
+			return E.New("unsupported scheme: ", parsedURL.Scheme)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }

-func fetchHTTP(parsedURL *url.URL) error {
+func fetchHTTP(httpClient *http.Client, parsedURL *url.URL) error {
 	request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", parsedURL.String(), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//go:build with_quic
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/quic-go"
+	"github.com/sagernet/quic-go/http3"
+	box "github.com/sagernet/sing-box"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
+	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
+	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+)
+
+func initializeHTTP3Client(instance *box.Box) error {
+	dialer, err := createDialer(instance, N.NetworkUDP, commandToolsFlagOutbound)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	http3Client = &http.Client{
+		Transport: &http3.RoundTripper{
+			Dial: func(ctx context.Context, addr string, tlsCfg *tls.Config, cfg *quic.Config) (quic.EarlyConnection, error) {
+				destination := M.ParseSocksaddr(addr)
+				udpConn, dErr := dialer.DialContext(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, destination)
+				if dErr != nil {
+					return nil, dErr
+				}
+				return quic.DialEarly(ctx, bufio.NewUnbindPacketConn(udpConn), udpConn.RemoteAddr(), tlsCfg, cfg)
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//go:build !with_quic
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+
+	box "github.com/sagernet/sing-box"
+)
+
+func initializeHTTP3Client(instance *box.Box) error {
+	return os.ErrInvalid
+}
+
+func fetchHTTP3(parsedURL *url.URL) error {
+	return os.ErrInvalid
+}
@@ -50,12 +50,26 @@ func NewDefault(router adapter.Router, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDi
 		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
 	}
-	if options.RoutingMark != 0 {
+	var autoRedirectOutputMark uint32
+	if router != nil {
+		autoRedirectOutputMark = router.AutoRedirectOutputMark()
+	}
+	if autoRedirectOutputMark > 0 {
+		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(autoRedirectOutputMark))
+		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(autoRedirectOutputMark))
+	}
+	if options.RoutingMark > 0 {
 		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(options.RoutingMark))
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(options.RoutingMark))
-	} else if router != nil && router.DefaultMark() != 0 {
+		if autoRedirectOutputMark > 0 {
+			return nil, E.New("`auto_redirect` with `route_[_exclude]_address_set is conflict with `routing_mark`")
+		}
+	} else if router != nil && router.DefaultMark() > 0 {
 		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(router.DefaultMark()))
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(router.DefaultMark()))
+		if autoRedirectOutputMark > 0 {
+			return nil, E.New("`auto_redirect` with `route_[_exclude]_address_set is conflict with `default_mark`")
+		}
 	}
 	if options.ReuseAddr {
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.ReuseAddr())
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ package dialer
 import (
 	"net"

-	"github.com/metacubex/tfo-go"
+	"github.com/sagernet/tfo-go"
 )

 type tcpDialer = tfo.Dialer
@@ -28,12 +28,13 @@ func New(router adapter.Router, options option.DialerOptions) (N.Dialer, error)
 	} else {
 		dialer = NewDetour(router, options.Detour)
 	}
-	if options.Detour == "" {
+	domainStrategy := dns.DomainStrategy(options.DomainStrategy)
+	if domainStrategy != dns.DomainStrategyAsIS || options.Detour == "" {
 		dialer = NewResolveDialer(
 			router,
 			dialer,
 			options.Detour == "" && !options.TCPFastOpen,
-			dns.DomainStrategy(options.DomainStrategy),
+			domainStrategy,
 			time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay))
 	}
 	return dialer, nil
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ import (
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-
-	"github.com/metacubex/tfo-go"
+	"github.com/sagernet/tfo-go"
 )

 type slowOpenConn struct {
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 package geosite

 import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"io"
 	"os"
+	"sync/atomic"

+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

 type Reader struct {
@@ -34,45 +38,36 @@ func Open(path string) (*Reader, []string, error) {
 	return reader, codes, nil
 }

+type geositeMetadata struct {
+	Code   string
+	Index  uint64
+	Length uint64
+}
+
 func (r *Reader) readMetadata() error {
-	version, err := rw.ReadByte(r.reader)
+	reader := bufio.NewReader(r.reader)
+	version, err := reader.ReadByte()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if version != 0 {
 		return E.New("unknown version")
 	}
-	entryLength, err := rw.ReadUVariant(r.reader)
+	metadataEntries, err := varbin.ReadValue[[]geositeMetadata](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	keys := make([]string, entryLength)
 	domainIndex := make(map[string]int)
 	domainLength := make(map[string]int)
-	for i := 0; i < int(entryLength); i++ {
-		var (
-			code       string
-			codeIndex  uint64
-			codeLength uint64
-		)
-		code, err = rw.ReadVString(r.reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		keys[i] = code
-		codeIndex, err = rw.ReadUVariant(r.reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		codeLength, err = rw.ReadUVariant(r.reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		domainIndex[code] = int(codeIndex)
-		domainLength[code] = int(codeLength)
+	for _, entry := range metadataEntries {
+		domainIndex[entry.Code] = int(entry.Index)
+		domainLength[entry.Code] = int(entry.Length)
 	}
 	r.domainIndex = domainIndex
 	r.domainLength = domainLength
+	if reader.Buffered() > 0 {
+		return common.Error(r.reader.Seek(int64(-reader.Buffered()), io.SeekCurrent))
+	}
 	return nil
 }

@@ -85,27 +80,28 @@ func (r *Reader) Read(code string) ([]Item, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	counter := &rw.ReadCounter{Reader: r.reader}
-	domain := make([]Item, r.domainLength[code])
-	for i := range domain {
-		var (
-			item Item
-			err  error
-		)
-		item.Type, err = rw.ReadByte(counter)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		item.Value, err = rw.ReadVString(counter)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		domain[i] = item
+	counter := &readCounter{Reader: r.reader}
+	domain, err := varbin.ReadValue[[]Item](bufio.NewReader(counter), binary.BigEndian)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	_, err = r.reader.Seek(int64(-index)-counter.Count(), io.SeekCurrent)
+	_, err = r.reader.Seek(int64(-index)-counter.count, io.SeekCurrent)
 	return domain, err
 }

 func (r *Reader) Upstream() any {
 	return r.reader
 }
+
+type readCounter struct {
+	io.Reader
+	count int64
+}
+
+func (r *readCounter) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	n, err = r.Reader.Read(p)
+	if n > 0 {
+		atomic.AddInt64(&r.count, int64(n))
+	}
+	return
+}
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@ package geosite

 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"io"
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"sort"

-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

-func Write(writer io.Writer, domains map[string][]Item) error {
+func Write(writer varbin.Writer, domains map[string][]Item) error {
 	keys := make([]string, 0, len(domains))
 	for code := range domains {
 		keys = append(keys, code)
@@ -19,40 +20,28 @@ func Write(writer io.Writer, domains map[string][]Item) error {
 	index := make(map[string]int)
 	for _, code := range keys {
 		index[code] = content.Len()
-		for _, domain := range domains[code] {
-			content.WriteByte(domain.Type)
-			err := rw.WriteVString(content, domain.Value)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
+		err := varbin.Write(content, binary.BigEndian, domains[code])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
 	}

-	err := rw.WriteByte(writer, 0)
+	err := writer.WriteByte(0)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

-	err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(len(keys)))
+	err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, common.Map(keys, func(it string) *geositeMetadata {
+		return &geositeMetadata{
+			Code:   it,
+			Index:  uint64(index[it]),
+			Length: uint64(len(domains[it])),
+		}
+	}))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

-	for _, code := range keys {
-		err = rw.WriteVString(writer, code)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(index[code]))
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(len(domains[code])))
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
 	_, err = writer.Write(content.Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ func findProcessName(network string, ip netip.Addr, port int) (string, error) {

 	isIPv4 := ip.Is4()

-	value, err := unix.SysctlRaw(spath)
+	value, err := syscall.Sysctl(spath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}

-	buf := value
+	buf := []byte(value)

 	// from darwin-xnu/bsd/netinet/in_pcblist.c:get_pcblist_n
 	// size/offset are round up (aligned) to 8 bytes in darwin
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package sniff
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+)
+
+const (
+	trackerConnectFlag = iota
+	trackerAnnounceFlag
+	trackerScrapeFlag
+
+	trackerProtocolID = 0x41727101980
+
+	trackerConnectMinSize  = 16
+	trackerAnnounceMinSize = 20
+	trackerScrapeMinSize   = 8
+)
+
+// BitTorrent detects if the stream is a BitTorrent connection.
+// For the BitTorrent protocol specification, see https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0003.html
+func BitTorrent(_ context.Context, reader io.Reader) (*adapter.InboundContext, error) {
+	var first byte
+	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &first)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if first != 19 {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	var protocol [19]byte
+	_, err = reader.Read(protocol[:])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if string(protocol[:]) != "BitTorrent protocol" {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	return &adapter.InboundContext{
+		Protocol: C.ProtocolBitTorrent,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// UTP detects if the packet is a uTP connection packet.
+// For the uTP protocol specification, see
+//  1. https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0029.html
+//  2. https://github.com/bittorrent/libutp/blob/2b364cbb0650bdab64a5de2abb4518f9f228ec44/utp_internal.cpp#L112
+func UTP(_ context.Context, packet []byte) (*adapter.InboundContext, error) {
+	// A valid uTP packet must be at least 20 bytes long.
+	if len(packet) < 20 {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	version := packet[0] & 0x0F
+	ty := packet[0] >> 4
+	if version != 1 || ty > 4 {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	// Validate the extensions
+	extension := packet[1]
+	reader := bytes.NewReader(packet[20:])
+	for extension != 0 {
+		err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &extension)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		var length byte
+		err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &length)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		_, err = reader.Seek(int64(length), io.SeekCurrent)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &adapter.InboundContext{
+		Protocol: C.ProtocolBitTorrent,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// UDPTracker detects if the packet is a UDP Tracker Protocol packet.
+// For the UDP Tracker Protocol specification, see https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0015.html
+func UDPTracker(_ context.Context, packet []byte) (*adapter.InboundContext, error) {
+	switch {
+	case len(packet) >= trackerConnectMinSize &&
+		binary.BigEndian.Uint64(packet[:8]) == trackerProtocolID &&
+		binary.BigEndian.Uint32(packet[8:12]) == trackerConnectFlag:
+		fallthrough
+	case len(packet) >= trackerAnnounceMinSize &&
+		binary.BigEndian.Uint32(packet[8:12]) == trackerAnnounceFlag:
+		fallthrough
+	case len(packet) >= trackerScrapeMinSize &&
+		binary.BigEndian.Uint32(packet[8:12]) == trackerScrapeFlag:
+		return &adapter.InboundContext{
+			Protocol: C.ProtocolBitTorrent,
+		}, nil
+	default:
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package sniff_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/sniff"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestSniffBittorrent(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	packets := []string{
+		"13426974546f7272656e742070726f746f636f6c0000000000100000e21ea9569b69bab33c97851d0298bdfa89bc90922d5554313631302dea812fcd6a3563e3be40c1d1",
+		"13426974546f7272656e742070726f746f636f6c00000000001000052aa4f5a7e209e54b32803d43670971c4c8caaa052d5452333030302d653369733079647675763638",
+		"13426974546f7272656e742070726f746f636f6c00000000001000052aa4f5a7e209e54b32803d43670971c4c8caaa052d5452343035302d6f7a316c6e79377931716130",
+	}
+
+	for _, pkt := range packets {
+		pkt, err := hex.DecodeString(pkt)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		metadata, err := sniff.BitTorrent(context.TODO(), bytes.NewReader(pkt))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, C.ProtocolBitTorrent, metadata.Protocol)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSniffUTP(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	packets := []string{
+		"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",
+		"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",
+		"21001ecb6817f2805d044fd700100000dbd03029",
+		"410277ef0b1fb1f60000000000040000c233000000080000000000000000",
+	}
+
+	for _, pkt := range packets {
+		pkt, err := hex.DecodeString(pkt)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		metadata, err := sniff.UTP(context.TODO(), pkt)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, C.ProtocolBitTorrent, metadata.Protocol)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSniffUDPTracker(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	connectPackets := []string{
+		// connect packets
+		"00000417271019800000000078e90560",
+		"00000417271019800000000022c5d64d",
+		"000004172710198000000000b3863541",
+
+		// announce packets
+		"3d7592ead4b8c9e300000001b871a3820000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002092f616e6e6f756e6365",
+		"3d7592ead4b8c9e30000000188deed1c0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002092f616e6e6f756e6365",
+		"3d7592ead4b8c9e300000001ceb948ad0beec7b5ea3f0fdbc95d0dd47f3c5bc275da8a3362cdb7020ff920e5aa642c3d4066950dd1f01f4d00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002092f616e6e6f756e6365",
+
+		// scrape packets
+		"3d7592ead4b8c9e300000002d2f4bba5a94a8fe5ccb19ba61c4c0873d391e987982fbbd3",
+		"3d7592ead4b8c9e300000002441243292aae6c35c94fcfb415dbe95f408b9ce91ee846ed",
+		"3d7592ead4b8c9e300000002b2aa461b1ad1fa9661cf3fe45fb2504ad52ec6c67758e294",
+	}
+
+	for _, pkt := range connectPackets {
+		pkt, err := hex.DecodeString(pkt)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		metadata, err := sniff.UDPTracker(context.TODO(), pkt)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, C.ProtocolBitTorrent, metadata.Protocol)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package sniff
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+)
+
+func DTLSRecord(ctx context.Context, packet []byte) (*adapter.InboundContext, error) {
+	const fixedHeaderSize = 13
+	if len(packet) < fixedHeaderSize {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	contentType := packet[0]
+	switch contentType {
+	case 20, 21, 22, 23, 25:
+	default:
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	versionMajor := packet[1]
+	if versionMajor != 0xfe {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	versionMinor := packet[2]
+	if versionMinor != 0xff && versionMinor != 0xfd {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	return &adapter.InboundContext{Protocol: C.ProtocolDTLS}, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package sniff_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/sniff"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestSniffDTLSClientHello(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	packet, err := hex.DecodeString("16fefd0000000000000000007e010000720000000000000072fefd668a43523798e064bd806d0c87660de9c611a59bbdfc3892c4e072d94f2cafc40000000cc02bc02fc00ac014c02cc0300100003c000d0010000e0403050306030401050106010807ff01000100000a00080006001d00170018000b00020100000e000900060008000700010000170000")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	metadata, err := sniff.DTLSRecord(context.Background(), packet)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, metadata.Protocol, C.ProtocolDTLS)
+}
+
+func TestSniffDTLSClientApplicationData(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	packet, err := hex.DecodeString("17fefd000100000000000100440001000000000001a4f682b77ecadd10f3f3a2f78d90566212366ff8209fd77314f5a49352f9bb9bd12f4daba0b4736ae29e46b9714d3b424b3e6d0234736619b5aa0d3f")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	metadata, err := sniff.DTLSRecord(context.Background(), packet)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, metadata.Protocol, C.ProtocolDTLS)
+}
@@ -18,45 +18,28 @@ type (
 	PacketSniffer = func(ctx context.Context, packet []byte) (*adapter.InboundContext, error)
 )

-func Skip(metadata adapter.InboundContext) bool {
-	// skip server first protocols
-	switch metadata.Destination.Port {
-	case 25, 465, 587:
-		// SMTP
-		return true
-	case 143, 993:
-		// IMAP
-		return true
-	case 110, 995:
-		// POP3
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 func PeekStream(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, buffer *buf.Buffer, timeout time.Duration, sniffers ...StreamSniffer) (*adapter.InboundContext, error) {
 	if timeout == 0 {
 		timeout = C.ReadPayloadTimeout
 	}
 	deadline := time.Now().Add(timeout)
 	var errors []error
-	for i := 0; ; i++ {
+
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
 		err := conn.SetReadDeadline(deadline)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "set read deadline")
 		}
 		_, err = buffer.ReadOnceFrom(conn)
-		_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{})
+		err = E.Errors(err, conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{}))
 		if err != nil {
 			if i > 0 {
 				break
 			}
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "read payload")
 		}
-		errors = nil
-		var metadata *adapter.InboundContext
 		for _, sniffer := range sniffers {
-			metadata, err = sniffer(ctx, bytes.NewReader(buffer.Bytes()))
+			metadata, err := sniffer(ctx, bytes.NewReader(buffer.Bytes()))
 			if metadata != nil {
 				return metadata, nil
 			}
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package srs

 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"compress/zlib"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"io"
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/domain"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"

 	"go4.org/netipx"
 )
@@ -38,14 +39,14 @@ const (
 	ruleItemFinal uint8 = 0xFF
 )

-func Read(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (ruleSet option.PlainRuleSet, err error) {
+func Read(reader io.Reader, recover bool) (ruleSet option.PlainRuleSet, err error) {
 	var magicBytes [3]byte
 	_, err = io.ReadFull(reader, magicBytes[:])
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	if magicBytes != MagicBytes {
-		err = E.New("invalid sing-box rule set file")
+		err = E.New("invalid sing-box rule-set file")
 		return
 	}
 	var version uint8
@@ -60,13 +61,14 @@ func Read(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (ruleSet option.PlainRuleSet, err err
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
-	length, err := rw.ReadUVariant(zReader)
+	bReader := bufio.NewReader(zReader)
+	length, err := binary.ReadUvarint(bReader)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	ruleSet.Rules = make([]option.HeadlessRule, length)
 	for i := uint64(0); i < length; i++ {
-		ruleSet.Rules[i], err = readRule(zReader, recovery)
+		ruleSet.Rules[i], err = readRule(bReader, recover)
 		if err != nil {
 			err = E.Cause(err, "read rule[", i, "]")
 			return
@@ -88,20 +90,25 @@ func Write(writer io.Writer, ruleSet option.PlainRuleSet) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteUVariant(zWriter, uint64(len(ruleSet.Rules)))
+	bWriter := bufio.NewWriter(zWriter)
+	_, err = varbin.WriteUvarint(bWriter, uint64(len(ruleSet.Rules)))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	for _, rule := range ruleSet.Rules {
-		err = writeRule(zWriter, rule)
+		err = writeRule(bWriter, rule)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
+	err = bWriter.Flush()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	return zWriter.Close()
 }

-func readRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (rule option.HeadlessRule, err error) {
+func readRule(reader varbin.Reader, recover bool) (rule option.HeadlessRule, err error) {
 	var ruleType uint8
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &ruleType)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -110,17 +117,17 @@ func readRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (rule option.HeadlessRule, err er
 	switch ruleType {
 	case 0:
 		rule.Type = C.RuleTypeDefault
-		rule.DefaultOptions, err = readDefaultRule(reader, recovery)
+		rule.DefaultOptions, err = readDefaultRule(reader, recover)
 	case 1:
 		rule.Type = C.RuleTypeLogical
-		rule.LogicalOptions, err = readLogicalRule(reader, recovery)
+		rule.LogicalOptions, err = readLogicalRule(reader, recover)
 	default:
 		err = E.New("unknown rule type: ", ruleType)
 	}
 	return
 }

-func writeRule(writer io.Writer, rule option.HeadlessRule) error {
+func writeRule(writer varbin.Writer, rule option.HeadlessRule) error {
 	switch rule.Type {
 	case C.RuleTypeDefault:
 		return writeDefaultRule(writer, rule.DefaultOptions)
@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@ func writeRule(writer io.Writer, rule option.HeadlessRule) error {
 	}
 }

-func readDefaultRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule, err error) {
+func readDefaultRule(reader varbin.Reader, recover bool) (rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule, err error) {
 	var lastItemType uint8
 	for {
 		var itemType uint8
@@ -158,6 +165,9 @@ func readDefaultRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (rule option.DefaultHeadle
 				return
 			}
 			rule.DomainMatcher = matcher
+			if recover {
+				rule.Domain, rule.DomainSuffix = matcher.Dump()
+			}
 		case ruleItemDomainKeyword:
 			rule.DomainKeyword, err = readRuleItemString(reader)
 		case ruleItemDomainRegex:
@@ -167,7 +177,7 @@ func readDefaultRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (rule option.DefaultHeadle
 			if err != nil {
 				return
 			}
-			if recovery {
+			if recover {
 				rule.SourceIPCIDR = common.Map(rule.SourceIPSet.Prefixes(), netip.Prefix.String)
 			}
 		case ruleItemIPCIDR:
@@ -175,7 +185,7 @@ func readDefaultRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (rule option.DefaultHeadle
 			if err != nil {
 				return
 			}
-			if recovery {
+			if recover {
 				rule.IPCIDR = common.Map(rule.IPSet.Prefixes(), netip.Prefix.String)
 			}
 		case ruleItemSourcePort:
@@ -209,7 +219,7 @@ func readDefaultRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (rule option.DefaultHeadle
 	}
 }

-func writeDefaultRule(writer io.Writer, rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) error {
+func writeDefaultRule(writer varbin.Writer, rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) error {
 	err := binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint8(0))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -327,73 +337,31 @@ func writeDefaultRule(writer io.Writer, rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) error {
 	return nil
 }

-func readRuleItemString(reader io.Reader) ([]string, error) {
-	length, err := rw.ReadUVariant(reader)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	value := make([]string, length)
-	for i := uint64(0); i < length; i++ {
-		value[i], err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-	return value, nil
+func readRuleItemString(reader varbin.Reader) ([]string, error) {
+	return varbin.ReadValue[[]string](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 }

-func writeRuleItemString(writer io.Writer, itemType uint8, value []string) error {
-	err := binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, itemType)
+func writeRuleItemString(writer varbin.Writer, itemType uint8, value []string) error {
+	err := writer.WriteByte(itemType)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(len(value)))
+	return varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, value)
+}
+
+func readRuleItemUint16(reader varbin.Reader) ([]uint16, error) {
+	return varbin.ReadValue[[]uint16](reader, binary.BigEndian)
+}
+
+func writeRuleItemUint16(writer varbin.Writer, itemType uint8, value []uint16) error {
+	err := writer.WriteByte(itemType)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	for _, item := range value {
-		err = rw.WriteVString(writer, item)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
+	return varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, value)
 }

-func readRuleItemUint16(reader io.Reader) ([]uint16, error) {
-	length, err := rw.ReadUVariant(reader)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	value := make([]uint16, length)
-	for i := uint64(0); i < length; i++ {
-		err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &value[i])
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-	return value, nil
-}
-
-func writeRuleItemUint16(writer io.Writer, itemType uint8, value []uint16) error {
-	err := binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, itemType)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(len(value)))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	for _, item := range value {
-		err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, item)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func writeRuleItemCIDR(writer io.Writer, itemType uint8, value []string) error {
+func writeRuleItemCIDR(writer varbin.Writer, itemType uint8, value []string) error {
 	var builder netipx.IPSetBuilder
 	for i, prefixString := range value {
 		prefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(prefixString)
@@ -419,9 +387,8 @@ func writeRuleItemCIDR(writer io.Writer, itemType uint8, value []string) error {
 	return writeIPSet(writer, ipSet)
 }

-func readLogicalRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (logicalRule option.LogicalHeadlessRule, err error) {
-	var mode uint8
-	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &mode)
+func readLogicalRule(reader varbin.Reader, recovery bool) (logicalRule option.LogicalHeadlessRule, err error) {
+	mode, err := reader.ReadByte()
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -434,7 +401,7 @@ func readLogicalRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (logicalRule option.Logica
 		err = E.New("unknown logical mode: ", mode)
 		return
 	}
-	length, err := rw.ReadUVariant(reader)
+	length, err := binary.ReadUvarint(reader)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -453,7 +420,7 @@ func readLogicalRule(reader io.Reader, recovery bool) (logicalRule option.Logica
 	return
 }

-func writeLogicalRule(writer io.Writer, logicalRule option.LogicalHeadlessRule) error {
+func writeLogicalRule(writer varbin.Writer, logicalRule option.LogicalHeadlessRule) error {
 	err := binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint8(1))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -469,7 +436,7 @@ func writeLogicalRule(writer io.Writer, logicalRule option.LogicalHeadlessRule)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(len(logicalRule.Rules)))
+	_, err = varbin.WriteUvarint(writer, uint64(len(logicalRule.Rules)))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@ package srs

 import (
 	"encoding/binary"
-	"io"
 	"net/netip"
+	"os"
 	"unsafe"

-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"

 	"go4.org/netipx"
 )
@@ -20,94 +22,57 @@ type myIPRange struct {
 	to   netip.Addr
 }

-func readIPSet(reader io.Reader) (*netipx.IPSet, error) {
-	var version uint8
-	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &version)
+type myIPRangeData struct {
+	From []byte
+	To   []byte
+}
+
+func readIPSet(reader varbin.Reader) (*netipx.IPSet, error) {
+	version, err := reader.ReadByte()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if version != 1 {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	// WTF why using uint64 here
 	var length uint64
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &length)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	mySet := &myIPSet{
-		rr: make([]myIPRange, length),
+	ranges := make([]myIPRangeData, length)
+	err = varbin.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &ranges)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	for i := uint64(0); i < length; i++ {
-		var (
-			fromLen  uint64
-			toLen    uint64
-			fromAddr netip.Addr
-			toAddr   netip.Addr
-		)
-		fromLen, err = rw.ReadUVariant(reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		fromBytes := make([]byte, fromLen)
-		_, err = io.ReadFull(reader, fromBytes)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		err = fromAddr.UnmarshalBinary(fromBytes)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		toLen, err = rw.ReadUVariant(reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		toBytes := make([]byte, toLen)
-		_, err = io.ReadFull(reader, toBytes)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		err = toAddr.UnmarshalBinary(toBytes)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		mySet.rr[i] = myIPRange{fromAddr, toAddr}
+	mySet := &myIPSet{
+		rr: make([]myIPRange, len(ranges)),
+	}
+	for i, rangeData := range ranges {
+		mySet.rr[i].from = M.AddrFromIP(rangeData.From)
+		mySet.rr[i].to = M.AddrFromIP(rangeData.To)
 	}
 	return (*netipx.IPSet)(unsafe.Pointer(mySet)), nil
 }

-func writeIPSet(writer io.Writer, set *netipx.IPSet) error {
-	err := binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint8(1))
+func writeIPSet(writer varbin.Writer, set *netipx.IPSet) error {
+	err := writer.WriteByte(1)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	mySet := (*myIPSet)(unsafe.Pointer(set))
-	err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint64(len(mySet.rr)))
+	dataList := common.Map((*myIPSet)(unsafe.Pointer(set)).rr, func(rr myIPRange) myIPRangeData {
+		return myIPRangeData{
+			From: rr.from.AsSlice(),
+			To:   rr.to.AsSlice(),
+		}
+	})
+	err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint64(len(dataList)))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	for _, rr := range mySet.rr {
-		var (
-			fromBinary []byte
-			toBinary   []byte
-		)
-		fromBinary, err = rr.from.MarshalBinary()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(len(fromBinary)))
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		_, err = writer.Write(fromBinary)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		toBinary, err = rr.to.MarshalBinary()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = rw.WriteUVariant(writer, uint64(len(toBinary)))
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		_, err = writer.Write(toBinary)
+	for _, data := range dataList {
+		err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, data)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -11,12 +11,11 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	cftls "github.com/sagernet/cloudflare-tls"
+	"github.com/sagernet/fswatch"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/ntp"
-
-	"github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
 )

 type echServerConfig struct {
@@ -26,9 +25,8 @@ type echServerConfig struct {
 	key             []byte
 	certificatePath string
 	keyPath         string
-	watcher         *fsnotify.Watcher
 	echKeyPath      string
-	echWatcher      *fsnotify.Watcher
+	watcher         *fswatch.Watcher
 }

 func (c *echServerConfig) ServerName() string {
@@ -66,146 +64,84 @@ func (c *echServerConfig) Clone() Config {
 }

 func (c *echServerConfig) Start() error {
-	if c.certificatePath != "" && c.keyPath != "" {
-		err := c.startWatcher()
-		if err != nil {
-			c.logger.Warn("create fsnotify watcher: ", err)
-		}
-	}
-	if c.echKeyPath != "" {
-		err := c.startECHWatcher()
-		if err != nil {
-			c.logger.Warn("create fsnotify watcher: ", err)
-		}
+	err := c.startWatcher()
+	if err != nil {
+		c.logger.Warn("create credentials watcher: ", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }

 func (c *echServerConfig) startWatcher() error {
-	watcher, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
+	var watchPath []string
 	if c.certificatePath != "" {
-		err = watcher.Add(c.certificatePath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+		watchPath = append(watchPath, c.certificatePath)
 	}
 	if c.keyPath != "" {
-		err = watcher.Add(c.keyPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+		watchPath = append(watchPath, c.keyPath)
+	}
+	if c.echKeyPath != "" {
+		watchPath = append(watchPath, c.echKeyPath)
+	}
+	if len(watchPath) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	watcher, err := fswatch.NewWatcher(fswatch.Options{
+		Path: watchPath,
+		Callback: func(path string) {
+			err := c.credentialsUpdated(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				c.logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "reload credentials from ", path))
+			}
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	c.watcher = watcher
-	go c.loopUpdate()
 	return nil
 }

-func (c *echServerConfig) loopUpdate() {
-	for {
-		select {
-		case event, ok := <-c.watcher.Events:
-			if !ok {
-				return
-			}
-			if event.Op&fsnotify.Write != fsnotify.Write {
-				continue
-			}
-			err := c.reloadKeyPair()
+func (c *echServerConfig) credentialsUpdated(path string) error {
+	if path == c.certificatePath || path == c.keyPath {
+		if path == c.certificatePath {
+			certificate, err := os.ReadFile(c.certificatePath)
 			if err != nil {
-				c.logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "reload TLS key pair"))
+				return err
 			}
-		case err, ok := <-c.watcher.Errors:
-			if !ok {
-				return
-			}
-			c.logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "fsnotify error"))
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *echServerConfig) reloadKeyPair() error {
-	if c.certificatePath != "" {
-		certificate, err := os.ReadFile(c.certificatePath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return E.Cause(err, "reload certificate from ", c.certificatePath)
-		}
-		c.certificate = certificate
-	}
-	if c.keyPath != "" {
-		key, err := os.ReadFile(c.keyPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return E.Cause(err, "reload key from ", c.keyPath)
-		}
-		c.key = key
-	}
-	keyPair, err := cftls.X509KeyPair(c.certificate, c.key)
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "reload key pair")
-	}
-	c.config.Certificates = []cftls.Certificate{keyPair}
-	c.logger.Info("reloaded TLS certificate")
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *echServerConfig) startECHWatcher() error {
-	watcher, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	err = watcher.Add(c.echKeyPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	c.echWatcher = watcher
-	go c.loopECHUpdate()
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *echServerConfig) loopECHUpdate() {
-	for {
-		select {
-		case event, ok := <-c.echWatcher.Events:
-			if !ok {
-				return
-			}
-			if event.Op&fsnotify.Write != fsnotify.Write {
-				continue
-			}
-			err := c.reloadECHKey()
+			c.certificate = certificate
+		} else {
+			key, err := os.ReadFile(c.keyPath)
 			if err != nil {
-				c.logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "reload ECH key"))
+				return err
 			}
-		case err, ok := <-c.echWatcher.Errors:
-			if !ok {
-				return
-			}
-			c.logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "fsnotify error"))
+			c.key = key
 		}
+		keyPair, err := cftls.X509KeyPair(c.certificate, c.key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return E.Cause(err, "parse key pair")
+		}
+		c.config.Certificates = []cftls.Certificate{keyPair}
+		c.logger.Info("reloaded TLS certificate")
+	} else {
+		echKeyContent, err := os.ReadFile(c.echKeyPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		block, rest := pem.Decode(echKeyContent)
+		if block == nil || block.Type != "ECH KEYS" || len(rest) > 0 {
+			return E.New("invalid ECH keys pem")
+		}
+		echKeys, err := cftls.EXP_UnmarshalECHKeys(block.Bytes)
+		if err != nil {
+			return E.Cause(err, "parse ECH keys")
+		}
+		echKeySet, err := cftls.EXP_NewECHKeySet(echKeys)
+		if err != nil {
+			return E.Cause(err, "create ECH key set")
+		}
+		c.config.ServerECHProvider = echKeySet
+		c.logger.Info("reloaded ECH keys")
 	}
-}
-
-func (c *echServerConfig) reloadECHKey() error {
-	echKeyContent, err := os.ReadFile(c.echKeyPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	block, rest := pem.Decode(echKeyContent)
-	if block == nil || block.Type != "ECH KEYS" || len(rest) > 0 {
-		return E.New("invalid ECH keys pem")
-	}
-	echKeys, err := cftls.EXP_UnmarshalECHKeys(block.Bytes)
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "parse ECH keys")
-	}
-	echKeySet, err := cftls.EXP_NewECHKeySet(echKeys)
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "create ECH key set")
-	}
-	c.config.ServerECHProvider = echKeySet
-	c.logger.Info("reloaded ECH keys")
 	return nil
 }

@@ -213,12 +149,7 @@ func (c *echServerConfig) Close() error {
 	var err error
 	if c.watcher != nil {
 		err = E.Append(err, c.watcher.Close(), func(err error) error {
-			return E.Cause(err, "close certificate watcher")
-		})
-	}
-	if c.echWatcher != nil {
-		err = E.Append(err, c.echWatcher.Close(), func(err error) error {
-			return E.Cause(err, "close ECH key watcher")
+			return E.Cause(err, "close credentials watcher")
 		})
 	}
 	return err
@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"strings"

+	"github.com/sagernet/fswatch"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/ntp"
-
-	"github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
 )

 var errInsecureUnused = E.New("tls: insecure unused")
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ type STDServerConfig struct {
 	key             []byte
 	certificatePath string
 	keyPath         string
-	watcher         *fsnotify.Watcher
+	watcher         *fswatch.Watcher
 }

 func (c *STDServerConfig) ServerName() string {
@@ -88,59 +87,37 @@ func (c *STDServerConfig) Start() error {
 }

 func (c *STDServerConfig) startWatcher() error {
-	watcher, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
+	var watchPath []string
+	if c.certificatePath != "" {
+		watchPath = append(watchPath, c.certificatePath)
+	}
+	if c.keyPath != "" {
+		watchPath = append(watchPath, c.keyPath)
+	}
+	watcher, err := fswatch.NewWatcher(fswatch.Options{
+		Path: watchPath,
+		Callback: func(path string) {
+			err := c.certificateUpdated(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				c.logger.Error(err)
+			}
+		},
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if c.certificatePath != "" {
-		err = watcher.Add(c.certificatePath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	if c.keyPath != "" {
-		err = watcher.Add(c.keyPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
 	c.watcher = watcher
-	go c.loopUpdate()
 	return nil
 }

-func (c *STDServerConfig) loopUpdate() {
-	for {
-		select {
-		case event, ok := <-c.watcher.Events:
-			if !ok {
-				return
-			}
-			if event.Op&fsnotify.Write != fsnotify.Write {
-				continue
-			}
-			err := c.reloadKeyPair()
-			if err != nil {
-				c.logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "reload TLS key pair"))
-			}
-		case err, ok := <-c.watcher.Errors:
-			if !ok {
-				return
-			}
-			c.logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "fsnotify error"))
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *STDServerConfig) reloadKeyPair() error {
-	if c.certificatePath != "" {
+func (c *STDServerConfig) certificateUpdated(path string) error {
+	if path == c.certificatePath {
 		certificate, err := os.ReadFile(c.certificatePath)
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, "reload certificate from ", c.certificatePath)
 		}
 		c.certificate = certificate
-	}
-	if c.keyPath != "" {
+	} else if path == c.keyPath {
 		key, err := os.ReadFile(c.keyPath)
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, "reload key from ", c.keyPath)
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ var resourcePaths []string

 func FindPath(name string) (string, bool) {
 	name = os.ExpandEnv(name)
-	if rw.FileExists(name) {
+	if rw.IsFile(name) {
 		return name, true
 	}
 	for _, dir := range resourcePaths {
-		if path := filepath.Join(dir, dirName, name); rw.FileExists(path) {
+		if path := filepath.Join(dir, dirName, name); rw.IsFile(path) {
 			return path, true
 		}
-		if path := filepath.Join(dir, name); rw.FileExists(path) {
+		if path := filepath.Join(dir, name); rw.IsFile(path) {
 			return path, true
 		}
 	}
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 package constant

 const (
-	ProtocolTLS  = "tls"
-	ProtocolHTTP = "http"
-	ProtocolQUIC = "quic"
-	ProtocolDNS  = "dns"
-	ProtocolSTUN = "stun"
+	ProtocolTLS        = "tls"
+	ProtocolHTTP       = "http"
+	ProtocolQUIC       = "quic"
+	ProtocolDNS        = "dns"
+	ProtocolSTUN       = "stun"
+	ProtocolBitTorrent = "bittorrent"
+	ProtocolDTLS       = "dtls"
 )
@@ -32,6 +32,12 @@ const (

 func ProxyDisplayName(proxyType string) string {
 	switch proxyType {
+	case TypeTun:
+		return "TUN"
+	case TypeRedirect:
+		return "Redirect"
+	case TypeTProxy:
+		return "TProxy"
 	case TypeDirect:
 		return "Direct"
 	case TypeBlock:
@@ -42,6 +48,8 @@ func ProxyDisplayName(proxyType string) string {
 		return "SOCKS"
 	case TypeHTTP:
 		return "HTTP"
+	case TypeMixed:
+		return "Mixed"
 	case TypeShadowsocks:
 		return "Shadowsocks"
 	case TypeVMess:
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ const (
 )

 const (
+	RuleSetTypeInline   = "inline"
 	RuleSetTypeLocal    = "local"
 	RuleSetTypeRemote   = "remote"
 	RuleSetVersion1     = 1
@@ -2,64 +2,187 @@
 icon: material/alert-decagram
 ---

-### 1.9.6
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.21

 * Fixes and improvements

-### 1.9.5
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.20

-* Update quic-go to v0.47.0
-* Fix direct dialer not resolving domain
-* Fix no error return when empty DNS cache retrieved
-* Fix build with go1.23
-* Fix stream sniffer
-* Fix bad redirect in clash-api
-* Fix wireguard events chan leak
-* Fix cached conn eats up read deadlines
-* Fix disconnected interface selected as default in windows
-* Update Bundle Identifiers for Apple platform clients **1**
+* Add DTLS sniffer
+* Fixes and improvements
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.19
+
+* Add `rule-set decompile` command
+* Add IP address support for `rule-set match` command
+* Fixes and improvements
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.18
+
+* Add new `inline` rule-set type **1**
+* Add auto reload support for local rule-set
+* Update fsnotify usages **2**
+* Fixes and improvements

 **1**:

-See [Migration](/migration/#bundle-identifier-updates-in-apple-platform-clients).
+The new [rule-set] type inline (which also becomes the default type)
+allows you to write headless rules directly without creating a rule-set file.

-We are still working on getting all sing-box apps back on the App Store.
+[rule-set]: /configuration/rule-set/

-This work is expected to be completed within a week
-(SFI on the App Store and others on TestFlight are already available).
+**2**:

-### 1.9.4
+sing-box now uses fsnotify correctly and will not cancel watching
+if the target file is deleted or recreated via rename (e.g. `mv`).

-* Update quic-go to v0.46.0
-* Update Hysteria2 BBR congestion control
-* Filter HTTPS ipv4hint/ipv6hint with domain strategy
-* Fix crash on Android when using process rules
-* Fix non-IP queries accepted by address filter rules
-* Fix UDP server for shadowsocks AEAD multi-user inbounds
-* Fix default next protos for v2ray QUIC transport
-* Fix default end value of port range configuration options
-* Fix reset v2ray transports
-* Fix panic caused by rule-set generation of duplicate keys for `domain_suffix`
-* Fix UDP connnection leak when sniffing
+This affects all path options that support reload, including
+`tls.certificate_path`, `tls.key_path`, `tls.ech.key_path` and `rule_set.path`.
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.17
+
+* Some chaotic changes **1**
+* `rule_set_ipcidr_match_source` rule items are renamed **2**
+* Add `rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty` DNS address filter rule item **3**
+* Update quic-go to v0.45.1
 * Fixes and improvements

-_Due to problems with our Apple developer account,
-sing-box apps on Apple platforms are temporarily unavailable for download or update.
-If your company or organization is willing to help us return to the App Store,
-please [contact us](mailto:contact@sagernet.org)._
+**1**:
+
+Something may be broken, please actively report problems with this version.
+
+**2**:
+
+`rule_set_ipcidr_match_source` route and DNS rule items are renamed to
+`rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source` and will be remove in sing-box 1.11.0.
+
+**3**:
+
+See [DNS Rule](/configuration/dns/rule/#rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty).
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.16
+
+* Add custom options for `auto-route` and `auto-redirect` **1**
+* Fixes and improvements
+
+**1**:
+
+See [iproute2_table_index](/configuration/inbound/tun/#iproute2_table_index),
+[iproute2_rule_index](/configuration/inbound/tun/#iproute2_rule_index),
+[auto_redirect_input_mark](/configuration/inbound/tun/#auto_redirect_input_mark) and
+[auto_redirect_output_mark](/configuration/inbound/tun/#auto_redirect_output_mark).
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.13
+
+* TUN address fields are merged **1**
+* Add route address set support for auto-redirect **2**
+
+**1**:
+
+See [Migration](/migration/#tun-address-fields-are-merged).
+
+**2**:
+
+The new feature will allow you to configure the destination IP CIDR rules
+in the specified rule-sets to the firewall automatically.
+
+Specified or unspecified destinations will bypass the sing-box routes to get better performance
+(for example, keep hardware offloading of direct traffics on the router).
+
+See [route_address_set](/configuration/inbound/tun/#route_address_set)
+and [route_exclude_address_set](/configuration/inbound/tun/#route_exclude_address_set).
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.12
+
+* Fix auto-redirect not configuring nftables forward chain correctly
+* Fixes and improvements

 ### 1.9.3

 * Fixes and improvements

+#### 1.10.0-alpha.10
+
+* Fixes and improvements
+
 ### 1.9.2

 * Fixes and improvements

+#### 1.10.0-alpha.8
+
+* Drop support for go1.18 and go1.19 **1**
+* Update quic-go to v0.45.0
+* Update Hysteria2 BBR congestion control
+* Fixes and improvements
+
+**1**:
+
+Due to maintenance difficulties, sing-box 1.10.0 requires at least Go 1.20 to compile.
+
 ### 1.9.1

 * Fixes and improvements

+#### 1.10.0-alpha.7
+
+* Fixes and improvements
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.5
+
+* Improve auto-redirect **1**
+
+**1**:
+
+nftables support and DNS hijacking has been added.
+
+Tun inbounds with `auto_route` and `auto_redirect` now works as expected on routers **without intervention**.
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.4
+
+* Fix auto-redirect **1**
+* Improve auto-route on linux **2**
+
+**1**:
+
+Tun inbounds with `auto_route` and `auto_redirect` now works as expected on routers.
+
+**2**:
+
+Tun inbounds with `auto_route` and `strict_route` now works as expected on routers and servers,
+but the usages of [exclude_interface](/configuration/inbound/tun/#exclude_interface) need to be updated.
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.2
+
+* Move auto-redirect to Tun **1**
+* Fixes and improvements
+
+**1**:
+
+Linux support are added.
+
+See [Tun](/configuration/inbound/tun/#auto_redirect).
+
+#### 1.10.0-alpha.1
+
+* Add tailing comma support in JSON configuration
+* Add simple auto-redirect for Android **1**
+* Add BitTorrent sniffer **2**
+
+**1**:
+
+It allows you to use redirect inbound in the sing-box Android client
+and automatically configures IPv4 TCP redirection via su.
+
+This may alleviate the symptoms of some OCD patients who think that
+redirect can effectively save power compared to the system HTTP Proxy.
+
+See [Redirect](/configuration/inbound/redirect/).
+
+**2**:
+
+See [Protocol Sniff](/configuration/route/sniff/).
+
 ### 1.9.0

 * Fixes and improvements
@@ -363,7 +486,7 @@ See [Address Filter Fields](/configuration/dns/rule#address-filter-fields).
 Important changes since 1.7:

 * Migrate cache file from Clash API to independent options **1**
-* Introducing [Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/) **2**
+* Introducing [rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/) **2**
 * Add `sing-box geoip`, `sing-box geosite` and `sing-box rule-set` commands **3**
 * Allow nested logical rules **4**
 * Independent `source_ip_is_private` and `ip_is_private` rules **5**
@@ -383,7 +506,7 @@ See [Cache File](/configuration/experimental/cache-file/) and

 **2**:

-Rule set is independent collections of rules that can be compiled into binaries to improve performance.
+rule-set is independent collections of rules that can be compiled into binaries to improve performance.
 Compared to legacy GeoIP and Geosite resources,
 it can include more types of rules, load faster,
 use less memory, and update automatically.
@@ -391,16 +514,16 @@ use less memory, and update automatically.
 See [Route#rule_set](/configuration/route/#rule_set),
 [Route Rule](/configuration/route/rule/),
 [DNS Rule](/configuration/dns/rule/),
-[Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/),
+[rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/),
 [Source Format](/configuration/rule-set/source-format/) and
 [Headless Rule](/configuration/rule-set/headless-rule/).

-For GEO resources migration, see [Migrate GeoIP to rule sets](/migration/#migrate-geoip-to-rule-sets) and
-[Migrate Geosite to rule sets](/migration/#migrate-geosite-to-rule-sets).
+For GEO resources migration, see [Migrate GeoIP to rule-sets](/migration/#migrate-geoip-to-rule-sets) and
+[Migrate Geosite to rule-sets](/migration/#migrate-geosite-to-rule-sets).

 **3**:

-New commands manage GeoIP, Geosite and rule set resources, and help you migrate GEO resources to rule sets.
+New commands manage GeoIP, Geosite and rule-set resources, and help you migrate GEO resources to rule-sets.

 **4**:

@@ -597,7 +720,7 @@ This change is intended to break incorrect usage and essentially requires no act

 **1**:

-Now the rules in the `rule_set` rule item can be logically considered to be merged into the rule using rule sets,
+Now the rules in the `rule_set` rule item can be logically considered to be merged into the rule using rule-sets,
 rather than completely following the AND logic.

 #### 1.8.0-alpha.5
@@ -613,7 +736,7 @@ Since GeoIP was deprecated, we made this rule independent, see [Migration](/migr
 #### 1.8.0-alpha.1

 * Migrate cache file from Clash API to independent options **1**
-* Introducing [Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/) **2**
+* Introducing [rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/) **2**
 * Add `sing-box geoip`, `sing-box geosite` and `sing-box rule-set` commands **3**
 * Allow nested logical rules **4**

@@ -624,7 +747,7 @@ See [Cache File](/configuration/experimental/cache-file/) and

 **2**:

-Rule set is independent collections of rules that can be compiled into binaries to improve performance.
+rule-set is independent collections of rules that can be compiled into binaries to improve performance.
 Compared to legacy GeoIP and Geosite resources,
 it can include more types of rules, load faster,
 use less memory, and update automatically.
@@ -632,16 +755,16 @@ use less memory, and update automatically.
 See [Route#rule_set](/configuration/route/#rule_set),
 [Route Rule](/configuration/route/rule/),
 [DNS Rule](/configuration/dns/rule/),
-[Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/),
+[rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/),
 [Source Format](/configuration/rule-set/source-format/) and
 [Headless Rule](/configuration/rule-set/headless-rule/).

-For GEO resources migration, see [Migrate GeoIP to rule sets](/migration/#migrate-geoip-to-rule-sets) and
-[Migrate Geosite to rule sets](/migration/#migrate-geosite-to-rule-sets).
+For GEO resources migration, see [Migrate GeoIP to rule-sets](/migration/#migrate-geoip-to-rule-sets) and
+[Migrate Geosite to rule-sets](/migration/#migrate-geosite-to-rule-sets).

 **3**:

-New commands manage GeoIP, Geosite and rule set resources, and help you migrate GEO resources to rule sets.
+New commands manage GeoIP, Geosite and rule-set resources, and help you migrate GEO resources to rule-sets.

 **4**:

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ platform-specific function implementation, such as TUN transparent proxy impleme

 ## :material-download: Download

-* [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/sing-box-vt/id6673731168)
-* TestFlight (Beta)
+* [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sing-box/id6451272673)
+* ~~TestFlight (Beta)~~

 TestFlight quota is only available to [sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/nekohasekai)
 (one-time sponsorships are accepted).
-Once you donate, you can get an invitation by join our Telegram group for sponsors from [@yet_another_sponsor_bot](https://t.me/yet_another_sponsor_bot)
-or sending us your Apple ID [via email](mailto:contact@sagernet.org).
+Once you donate, you can get an invitation by sending us your Apple ID [via email](mailto:contact@sagernet.org),
+or join our Telegram group for sponsors from [@yet_another_sponsor_bot](https://t.me/yet_another_sponsor_bot).

 ## :material-file-download: Download (macOS standalone version)

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@

 由 Project S 维护，提供统一的体验与平台特定的功能。

-| 平台                                    | 客户端                                      |
-|---------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
+| 平台                                    | 客户端                                     |
+|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
 | :material-android: Android            | [sing-box for Android](./android/)       |
 | :material-apple: iOS/macOS/Apple tvOS | [sing-box for Apple platforms](./apple/) |
-| :material-laptop: Desktop             | 施工中                                      |
+| :material-laptop: Desktop             | 施工中                                     |

 此处没有列出一些声称使用或以 sing-box 为卖点的第三方项目。此类项目维护者的动机是获得更多用户，即使它们提供友好的商业
 VPN 客户端功能， 但代码质量很差且包含广告。
@@ -2,6 +2,12 @@
 icon: material/new-box
 ---

+!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    :material-delete-clock: [rule_set_ipcidr_match_source](#rule_set_ipcidr_match_source)  
+    :material-plus: [rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source](#rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source)  
+    :material-plus: [rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty](#rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty)
+
 !!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.9.0"

    :material-plus: [geoip](#geoip)  
@@ -117,7 +123,10 @@ icon: material/new-box
          "geoip-cn",
          "geosite-cn"
        ],
+        // deprecated
        "rule_set_ipcidr_match_source": false,
+        "rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source": false,
+        "rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty": false,
        "invert": false,
        "outbound": [
          "direct"
@@ -157,7 +166,7 @@ icon: material/new-box
    (`source_port` || `source_port_range`) &&  
    `other fields`

-    Additionally, included rule sets can be considered merged rather than as a single rule sub-item.
+    Additionally, included rule-sets can be considered merged rather than as a single rule sub-item.

 #### inbound

@@ -303,13 +312,23 @@ Match WiFi BSSID.

 !!! question "Since sing-box 1.8.0"

-Match [Rule Set](/configuration/route/#rule_set).
+Match [rule-set](/configuration/route/#rule_set).

 #### rule_set_ipcidr_match_source

 !!! question "Since sing-box 1.9.0"

-Make `ipcidr` in rule sets match the source IP.
+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+    
+    `rule_set_ipcidr_match_source` is renamed to `rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source` and will be remove in sing-box 1.11.0.
+
+Make `ip_cidr` rule items in rule-sets match the source IP.
+
+#### rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Make `ip_cidr` rule items in rule-sets match the source IP.

 #### invert

@@ -347,11 +366,11 @@ Will overrides `dns.client_subnet` and `servers.[].client_subnet`.

 ### Address Filter Fields

-Only takes effect for IP address requests. When the query results do not match the address filtering rule items, the current rule will be skipped.
+Only takes effect for address requests (A/AAAA/HTTPS). When the query results do not match the address filtering rule items, the current rule will be skipped.

 !!! info ""

-    `ip_cidr` items in included rule sets also takes effect as an address filtering field.
+    `ip_cidr` items in included rule-sets also takes effect as an address filtering field.

 !!! note ""

@@ -375,6 +394,12 @@ Match IP CIDR with query response.

 Match private IP with query response.

+#### rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Make `ip_cidr` rules in rule-sets accept empty query response.
+
 ### Logical Fields

 #### type
@@ -2,6 +2,12 @@
 icon: material/new-box
 ---

+!!! quote "sing-box 1.10.0 中的更改"
+
+    :material-delete-clock: [rule_set_ipcidr_match_source](#rule_set_ipcidr_match_source)  
+    :material-plus: [rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source](#rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source)  
+    :material-plus: [rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty](#rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty)
+
 !!! quote "sing-box 1.9.0 中的更改"

    :material-plus: [geoip](#geoip)  
@@ -117,7 +123,10 @@ icon: material/new-box
          "geoip-cn",
          "geosite-cn"
        ],
+        // 已弃用
        "rule_set_ipcidr_match_source": false,
+        "rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source": false,
+        "rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty": false,
        "invert": false,
        "outbound": [
          "direct"
@@ -307,7 +316,17 @@ DNS 查询类型。值可以为整数或者类型名称字符串。

 !!! question "自 sing-box 1.9.0 起"

-使规则集中的 `ipcidr` 规则匹配源 IP。
+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `rule_set_ipcidr_match_source` 已重命名为 `rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
+使规则集中的 `ip_cidr` 规则匹配源 IP。
+
+#### rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+使规则集中的 `ip_cidr` 规则匹配源 IP。

 #### invert

@@ -345,7 +364,7 @@ DNS 查询类型。值可以为整数或者类型名称字符串。

 ### 地址筛选字段

-仅对IP地址请求生效。 当查询结果与地址筛选规则项不匹配时，将跳过当前规则。
+仅对地址请求 (A/AAAA/HTTPS) 生效。 当查询结果与地址筛选规则项不匹配时，将跳过当前规则。

 !!! info ""

@@ -365,7 +384,7 @@ DNS 查询类型。值可以为整数或者类型名称字符串。

 !!! question "自 sing-box 1.9.0 起"

-与查询相应匹配 IP CIDR。
+与查询响应匹配 IP CIDR。

 #### ip_is_private

@@ -373,6 +392,12 @@ DNS 查询类型。值可以为整数或者类型名称字符串。

 与查询响应匹配非公开 IP。

+#### rule_set_ip_cidr_accept_empty
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+使规则集中的 `ip_cidr` 规则接受空查询响应。
+
 ### 逻辑字段

 #### type
@@ -15,24 +15,24 @@

 ### Fields

-| Type          | Format                        | Injectable       |
-|---------------|-------------------------------|------------------|
-| `direct`      | [Direct](./direct/)           | :material-close: |
-| `mixed`       | [Mixed](./mixed/)             | TCP              |
-| `socks`       | [SOCKS](./socks/)             | TCP              |
-| `http`        | [HTTP](./http/)               | TCP              |
-| `shadowsocks` | [Shadowsocks](./shadowsocks/) | TCP              |
-| `vmess`       | [VMess](./vmess/)             | TCP              |
-| `trojan`      | [Trojan](./trojan/)           | TCP              |
-| `naive`       | [Naive](./naive/)             | :material-close: |
-| `hysteria`    | [Hysteria](./hysteria/)       | :material-close: |
-| `shadowtls`   | [ShadowTLS](./shadowtls/)     | TCP              |
-| `tuic`        | [TUIC](./tuic/)               | :material-close: |
-| `hysteria2`   | [Hysteria2](./hysteria2/)     | :material-close: |
-| `vless`       | [VLESS](./vless/)             | TCP              |
-| `tun`         | [Tun](./tun/)                 | :material-close: |
-| `redirect`    | [Redirect](./redirect/)       | :material-close: |
-| `tproxy`      | [TProxy](./tproxy/)           | :material-close: |
+| Type          | Format                        | Injectable |
+|---------------|-------------------------------|------------|
+| `direct`      | [Direct](./direct/)           | X          |
+| `mixed`       | [Mixed](./mixed/)             | TCP        |
+| `socks`       | [SOCKS](./socks/)             | TCP        |
+| `http`        | [HTTP](./http/)               | TCP        |
+| `shadowsocks` | [Shadowsocks](./shadowsocks/) | TCP        |
+| `vmess`       | [VMess](./vmess/)             | TCP        |
+| `trojan`      | [Trojan](./trojan/)           | TCP        |
+| `naive`       | [Naive](./naive/)             | X          |
+| `hysteria`    | [Hysteria](./hysteria/)       | X          |
+| `shadowtls`   | [ShadowTLS](./shadowtls/)     | TCP        |
+| `tuic`        | [TUIC](./tuic/)               | X          |
+| `hysteria2`   | [Hysteria2](./hysteria2/)     | X          |
+| `vless`       | [VLESS](./vless/)             | TCP        |
+| `tun`         | [Tun](./tun/)                 | X          |
+| `redirect`    | [Redirect](./redirect/)       | X          |
+| `tproxy`      | [TProxy](./tproxy/)           | X          |

 #### tag

@@ -15,24 +15,24 @@

 ### 字段

-| 类型            | 格式                            | 注入支持             |
-|---------------|-------------------------------|------------------|
-| `direct`      | [Direct](./direct/)           | :material-close: |
-| `mixed`       | [Mixed](./mixed/)             | TCP              |
-| `socks`       | [SOCKS](./socks/)             | TCP              |
-| `http`        | [HTTP](./http/)               | TCP              |
-| `shadowsocks` | [Shadowsocks](./shadowsocks/) | TCP              |
-| `vmess`       | [VMess](./vmess/)             | TCP              |
-| `trojan`      | [Trojan](./trojan/)           | TCP              |
-| `naive`       | [Naive](./naive/)             | :material-close: |
-| `hysteria`    | [Hysteria](./hysteria/)       | :material-close: |
-| `shadowtls`   | [ShadowTLS](./shadowtls/)     | TCP              |
-| `tuic`        | [TUIC](./tuic/)               | :material-close: |
-| `hysteria2`   | [Hysteria2](./hysteria2/)     | :material-close: |
-| `vless`       | [VLESS](./vless/)             | TCP              |
-| `tun`         | [Tun](./tun/)                 | :material-close: |
-| `redirect`    | [Redirect](./redirect/)       | :material-close: |
-| `tproxy`      | [TProxy](./tproxy/)           | :material-close: |
+| 类型            | 格式                           | 注入支持 |
+|---------------|------------------------------|------|
+| `direct`      | [Direct](./direct/)           | X    |
+| `mixed`       | [Mixed](./mixed/)             | TCP  |
+| `socks`       | [SOCKS](./socks/)             | TCP  |
+| `http`        | [HTTP](./http/)               | TCP  |
+| `shadowsocks` | [Shadowsocks](./shadowsocks/) | TCP  |
+| `vmess`       | [VMess](./vmess/)             | TCP  |
+| `trojan`      | [Trojan](./trojan/)           | TCP  |
+| `naive`       | [Naive](./naive/)             | X    |
+| `hysteria`    | [Hysteria](./hysteria/)       | X    |
+| `shadowtls`   | [ShadowTLS](./shadowtls/)     | TCP  |
+| `tuic`        | [TUIC](./tuic/)               | X    |
+| `hysteria2`   | [Hysteria2](./hysteria2/)     | X    |
+| `vless`       | [VLESS](./vless/)             | TCP  |
+| `tun`         | [Tun](./tun/)                 | X    |
+| `redirect`    | [Redirect](./redirect/)       | X    |
+| `tproxy`      | [TProxy](./tproxy/)           | X    |

 #### tag

@@ -2,6 +2,25 @@
 icon: material/new-box
 ---

+!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    :material-plus: [address](#address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet4_address](#inet4_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet6_address](#inet6_address)  
+    :material-plus: [route_address](#route_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet4_route_address](#inet4_route_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet6_route_address](#inet6_route_address)  
+    :material-plus: [route_exclude_address](#route_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet4_route_exclude_address](#inet4_route_exclude_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet6_route_exclude_address](#inet6_route_exclude_address)  
+    :material-plus: [iproute2_table_index](#iproute2_table_index)  
+    :material-plus: [iproute2_rule_index](#iproute2_table_index)  
+    :material-plus: [auto_redirect](#auto_redirect)  
+    :material-plus: [auto_redirect_input_mark](#auto_redirect_input_mark)  
+    :material-plus: [auto_redirect_output_mark](#auto_redirect_output_mark)  
+    :material-plus: [route_address_set](#route_address_set)  
+    :material-plus: [route_exclude_address_set](#route_address_set)
+
 !!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.9.0"

    :material-plus: [platform.http_proxy.bypass_domain](#platformhttp_proxybypass_domain)  
@@ -23,26 +42,61 @@ icon: material/new-box
  "type": "tun",
  "tag": "tun-in",
  "interface_name": "tun0",
-  "inet4_address": "172.19.0.1/30",
-  "inet6_address": "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126",
+  "address": [
+    "172.18.0.1/30",
+    "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
+  ],
+  // deprecated
+  "inet4_address": [
+    "172.19.0.1/30"
+  ],
+  // deprecated
+  "inet6_address": [
+    "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
+  ],
  "mtu": 9000,
  "gso": false,
  "auto_route": true,
+  "iproute2_table_index": 2022,
+  "iproute2_rule_index": 9000,
+  "auto_redirect": false,
+  "auto_redirect_input_mark": "0x2023",
+  "auto_redirect_output_mark": "0x2024",
  "strict_route": true,
+  "route_address": [
+    "0.0.0.0/1",
+    "128.0.0.0/1",
+    "::/1",
+    "8000::/1"
+  ],
+  // deprecated
  "inet4_route_address": [
    "0.0.0.0/1",
    "128.0.0.0/1"
  ],
+  // deprecated
  "inet6_route_address": [
    "::/1",
    "8000::/1"
  ],
+  "route_exclude_address": [
+    "192.168.0.0/16",
+    "fc00::/7"
+  ],
+  // deprecated
  "inet4_route_exclude_address": [
    "192.168.0.0/16"
  ],
+  // deprecated
  "inet6_route_exclude_address": [
    "fc00::/7"
  ],
+  "route_address_set": [
+    "geoip-cloudflare"
+  ],
+  "route_exclude_address_set": [
+    "geoip-cn"
+  ],
  "endpoint_independent_nat": false,
  "udp_timeout": "5m",
  "stack": "system",
@@ -83,8 +137,8 @@ icon: material/new-box
      "match_domain": []
    }
  },
-  
-  ... // Listen Fields
+  ...
+  // Listen Fields
 }
 ```

@@ -102,14 +156,26 @@ icon: material/new-box

 Virtual device name, automatically selected if empty.

+#### address
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+IPv4 and IPv6 prefix for the tun interface.
+
 #### inet4_address

-==Required==
+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    `inet4_address` is merged to `address` and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0.

 IPv4 prefix for the tun interface.

 #### inet6_address

+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    `inet6_address` is merged to `address` and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0.
+
 IPv6 prefix for the tun interface.

 #### mtu
@@ -122,7 +188,7 @@ The maximum transmission unit.

 !!! quote ""

-    Only supported on Linux.
+    Only supported on Linux with `auto_route` enabled.

 Enable generic segmentation offload.

@@ -138,6 +204,57 @@ Set the default route to the Tun.

    By default, VPN takes precedence over tun. To make tun go through VPN, enable `route.override_android_vpn`.

+#### iproute2_table_index
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Linux iproute2 table index generated by `auto_route`.
+
+`2022` is used by default.
+
+#### iproute2_rule_index
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Linux iproute2 rule start index generated by `auto_route`.
+
+`9000` is used by default.
+
+#### auto_redirect
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+!!! quote ""
+
+    Only supported on Linux with `auto_route` enabled.
+
+Automatically configure iptables/nftables to redirect connections.
+
+*In Android*：
+
+Only local connections are forwarded. To share your VPN connection over hotspot or repeater,
+use [VPNHotspot](https://github.com/Mygod/VPNHotspot).
+
+*In Linux*:
+
+`auto_route` with `auto_redirect` now works as expected on routers **without intervention**.
+
+#### auto_redirect_input_mark
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Connection input mark used by `route_address_set` and `route_exclude_address_set`.
+
+`0x2023` is used by default.
+
+#### auto_redirect_output_mark
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Connection output mark used by `route_address_set` and `route_exclude_address_set`.
+
+`0x2024` is used by default.
+
 #### strict_route

 Enforce strict routing rules when `auto_route` is enabled:
@@ -145,9 +262,10 @@ Enforce strict routing rules when `auto_route` is enabled:
 *In Linux*:

 * Let unsupported network unreachable
+* Make ICMP traffic route to tun instead of upstream interfaces
 * Route all connections to tun

-It prevents address leaks and makes DNS hijacking work on Android.
+It prevents IP address leaks and makes DNS hijacking work on Android.

 *In Windows*:

@@ -156,22 +274,80 @@ It prevents address leaks and makes DNS hijacking work on Android.

 It may prevent some applications (such as VirtualBox) from working properly in certain situations.

+#### route_address
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Use custom routes instead of default when `auto_route` is enabled.
+
 #### inet4_route_address

+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+`inet4_route_address` is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0, please use [route_address](#route_address)
+instead.
+
 Use custom routes instead of default when `auto_route` is enabled.

 #### inet6_route_address

+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+`inet6_route_address` is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0, please use [route_address](#route_address)
+instead.
+
 Use custom routes instead of default when `auto_route` is enabled.

+#### route_exclude_address
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Exclude custom routes when `auto_route` is enabled.
+
 #### inet4_route_exclude_address

+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+`inet4_route_exclude_address` is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0, please
+use [route_exclude_address](#route_exclude_address) instead.
+
 Exclude custom routes when `auto_route` is enabled.

 #### inet6_route_exclude_address

+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+`inet6_route_exclude_address` is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0, please
+use [route_exclude_address](#route_exclude_address) instead.
+
 Exclude custom routes when `auto_route` is enabled.

+#### route_address_set
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+!!! quote ""
+
+    Only supported on Linux with nftables and requires `auto_route` and `auto_redirect` enabled.
+
+Add the destination IP CIDR rules in the specified rule-sets to the firewall.
+Unmatched traffic will bypass the sing-box routes.
+
+Conflict with `route.default_mark` and `[dialOptions].routing_mark`.
+
+#### route_exclude_address_set
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+!!! quote ""
+
+    Only supported on Linux with nftables and requires `auto_route` and `auto_redirect` enabled.
+
+Add the destination IP CIDR rules in the specified rule-sets to the firewall.
+Matched traffic will bypass the sing-box routes.
+
+Conflict with `route.default_mark` and `[dialOptions].routing_mark`.
+
 #### endpoint_independent_nat

 !!! info ""
@@ -214,6 +390,10 @@ Conflict with `exclude_interface`.

 #### exclude_interface

+!!! warning ""
+
+    When `strict_route` enabled, return traffic to excluded interfaces will not be automatically excluded, so add them as well (example: `br-lan` and `pppoe-wan`).
+
 Exclude interfaces in route.

 Conflict with `include_interface`.
@@ -2,6 +2,25 @@
 icon: material/new-box
 ---

+!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    :material-plus: [address](#address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet4_address](#inet4_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet6_address](#inet6_address)  
+    :material-plus: [route_address](#route_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet4_route_address](#inet4_route_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet6_route_address](#inet6_route_address)  
+    :material-plus: [route_exclude_address](#route_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet4_route_exclude_address](#inet4_route_exclude_address)  
+    :material-delete-clock: [inet6_route_exclude_address](#inet6_route_exclude_address)   
+    :material-plus: [iproute2_table_index](#iproute2_table_index)  
+    :material-plus: [iproute2_rule_index](#iproute2_table_index)  
+    :material-plus: [auto_redirect](#auto_redirect)  
+    :material-plus: [auto_redirect_input_mark](#auto_redirect_input_mark)  
+    :material-plus: [auto_redirect_output_mark](#auto_redirect_output_mark)  
+    :material-plus: [route_address_set](#route_address_set)  
+    :material-plus: [route_exclude_address_set](#route_address_set)
+
 !!! quote "sing-box 1.9.0 中的更改"

    :material-plus: [platform.http_proxy.bypass_domain](#platformhttp_proxybypass_domain)  
@@ -23,26 +42,61 @@ icon: material/new-box
  "type": "tun",
  "tag": "tun-in",
  "interface_name": "tun0",
-  "inet4_address": "172.19.0.1/30",
-  "inet6_address": "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126",
+  "address": [
+    "172.18.0.1/30",
+    "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
+  ],
+  // 已弃用
+  "inet4_address": [
+    "172.19.0.1/30"
+  ],
+  // 已弃用
+  "inet6_address": [
+    "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
+  ],
  "mtu": 9000,
  "gso": false,
  "auto_route": true,
+  "iproute2_table_index": 2022,
+  "iproute2_rule_index": 9000,
+  "auto_redirect": false,
+  "auto_redirect_input_mark": "0x2023",
+  "auto_redirect_output_mark": "0x2024",
  "strict_route": true,
+  "route_address": [
+    "0.0.0.0/1",
+    "128.0.0.0/1",
+    "::/1",
+    "8000::/1"
+  ],
+  // 已弃用
  "inet4_route_address": [
    "0.0.0.0/1",
    "128.0.0.0/1"
  ],
+  // 已弃用
  "inet6_route_address": [
    "::/1",
    "8000::/1"
  ],
+  "route_exclude_address": [
+    "192.168.0.0/16",
+    "fc00::/7"
+  ],
+  // 已弃用
  "inet4_route_exclude_address": [
    "192.168.0.0/16"
  ],
+  // 已弃用
  "inet6_route_exclude_address": [
    "fc00::/7"
  ],
+  "route_address_set": [
+    "geoip-cloudflare"
+  ],
+  "route_exclude_address_set": [
+    "geoip-cn"
+  ],
  "endpoint_independent_nat": false,
  "udp_timeout": "5m",
  "stack": "system",
@@ -102,14 +156,30 @@ icon: material/new-box

 虚拟设备名称，默认自动选择。

+#### address
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+==必填==
+
+tun 接口的 IPv4 和 IPv6 前缀。
+
 #### inet4_address

+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `inet4_address` 已合并到 `address` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
 ==必填==

 tun 接口的 IPv4 前缀。

 #### inet6_address

+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `inet6_address` 已合并到 `address` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
 tun 接口的 IPv6 前缀。

 #### mtu
@@ -138,6 +208,56 @@ tun 接口的 IPv6 前缀。

    VPN 默认优先于 tun。要使 tun 经过 VPN，启用 `route.override_android_vpn`。

+#### iproute2_table_index
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+`auto_route` 生成的 iproute2 路由表索引。
+
+默认使用 `2022`。
+
+#### iproute2_rule_index
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+`auto_route` 生成的 iproute2 规则起始索引。
+
+默认使用 `9000`。
+
+#### auto_redirect
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+!!! quote ""
+
+    仅支持 Linux，且需要 `auto_route` 已启用。 
+
+自动配置 iptables 以重定向 TCP 连接。
+
+*在 Android 中*：
+
+仅转发本地 IPv4 连接。 要通过热点或中继共享您的 VPN 连接，请使用 [VPNHotspot](https://github.com/Mygod/VPNHotspot)。
+
+*在 Linux 中*:
+
+带有 `auto_redirect `的 `auto_route` 现在可以在路由器上按预期工作，**无需干预**。
+
+#### auto_redirect_input_mark
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+`route_address_set` 和 `route_exclude_address_set` 使用的连接输入标记。
+
+默认使用 `0x2023`。
+
+#### auto_redirect_output_mark
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+`route_address_set` 和 `route_exclude_address_set` 使用的连接输出标记。
+
+默认使用 `0x2024`。
+
 #### strict_route

 启用 `auto_route` 时执行严格的路由规则。
@@ -145,9 +265,10 @@ tun 接口的 IPv6 前缀。
 *在 Linux 中*:

 * 让不支持的网络无法到达
+* 使 ICMP 流量路由到 tun 而不是上游接口
 * 将所有连接路由到 tun

-它可以防止地址泄漏，并使 DNS 劫持在 Android 上工作。
+它可以防止 IP 地址泄漏，并使 DNS 劫持在 Android 上工作。

 *在 Windows 中*:

@@ -157,22 +278,76 @@ tun 接口的 IPv6 前缀。

 它可能会使某些应用程序（如 VirtualBox）在某些情况下无法正常工作。

+#### route_address
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+设置到 Tun 的自定义路由。
+
 #### inet4_route_address

+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `inet4_route_address` 已合并到 `route_address` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
 启用 `auto_route` 时使用自定义路由而不是默认路由。

 #### inet6_route_address

+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `inet6_route_address` 已合并到 `route_address` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
 启用 `auto_route` 时使用自定义路由而不是默认路由。

+#### route_exclude_address
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+设置到 Tun 的排除自定义路由。
+
 #### inet4_route_exclude_address

+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `inet4_route_exclude_address` 已合并到 `route_exclude_address` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
 启用 `auto_route` 时排除自定义路由。

 #### inet6_route_exclude_address

+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `inet6_route_exclude_address` 已合并到 `route_exclude_address` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
 启用 `auto_route` 时排除自定义路由。

+#### route_address_set
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+!!! quote ""
+
+    仅支持 Linux，且需要 nftables，`auto_route` 和 `auto_redirect` 已启用。 
+
+将指定规则集中的目标 IP CIDR 规则添加到防火墙。
+不匹配的流量将绕过 sing-box 路由。
+
+与 `route.default_mark` 和 `[dialOptions].routing_mark` 冲突。
+
+#### route_exclude_address_set
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+!!! quote ""
+
+    仅支持 Linux，且需要 nftables，`auto_route` 和 `auto_redirect` 已启用。
+
+将指定规则集中的目标 IP CIDR 规则添加到防火墙。
+匹配的流量将绕过 sing-box 路由。
+
+与 `route.default_mark` 和 `[dialOptions].routing_mark` 冲突。
+
 #### endpoint_independent_nat

 启用独立于端点的 NAT。
@@ -211,6 +386,10 @@ TCP/IP 栈。

 #### exclude_interface

+!!! warning ""
+
+    当 `strict_route` 启用，到被排除接口的回程流量将不会被自动排除，因此也要添加它们（例：`br-lan` 与 `pppoe-wan`）。
+
 排除路由的接口。

 与 `include_interface` 冲突。
@@ -284,7 +463,7 @@ TCP/IP 栈。

 !!! note ""

-  在 Apple 平台，`bypass_domain` 项匹配主机名 **后缀**.
+    在 Apple 平台，`bypass_domain` 项匹配主机名 **后缀**.

 绕过代理的主机名列表。

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ List of [Route Rule](./rule/)

 !!! question "Since sing-box 1.8.0"

-List of [Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/)
+List of [rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/)

 #### final

@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
+---
+icon: material/alert-decagram
+---
+
+!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    :material-delete-clock: [rule_set_ipcidr_match_source](#rule_set_ipcidr_match_source)  
+    :material-plus: [rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source](#rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source)  
+
 !!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.8.0"

    :material-plus: [rule_set](#rule_set)  
@@ -105,7 +114,9 @@
          "geoip-cn",
          "geosite-cn"
        ],
+        // deprecated
        "rule_set_ipcidr_match_source": false,
+        "rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source": false,
        "invert": false,
        "outbound": "direct"
      },
@@ -137,7 +148,7 @@
    (`source_port` || `source_port_range`) &&  
    `other fields`

-    Additionally, included rule sets can be considered merged rather than as a single rule sub-item.
+    Additionally, included rule-sets can be considered merged rather than as a single rule sub-item.

 #### inbound

@@ -297,13 +308,23 @@ Match WiFi BSSID.

 !!! question "Since sing-box 1.8.0"

-Match [Rule Set](/configuration/route/#rule_set).
+Match [rule-set](/configuration/route/#rule_set).

 #### rule_set_ipcidr_match_source

 !!! question "Since sing-box 1.8.0"

-Make `ipcidr` in rule sets match the source IP.
+!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    `rule_set_ipcidr_match_source` is renamed to `rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source` and will be remove in sing-box 1.11.0.
+
+Make `ip_cidr` in rule-sets match the source IP.
+
+#### rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+Make `ip_cidr` in rule-sets match the source IP.

 #### invert

@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
+---
+icon: material/alert-decagram
+---
+
+!!! quote "sing-box 1.10.0 中的更改"
+
+    :material-delete-clock: [rule_set_ipcidr_match_source](#rule_set_ipcidr_match_source)  
+    :material-plus: [rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source](#rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source)  
+
 !!! quote "sing-box 1.8.0 中的更改"

    :material-plus: [rule_set](#rule_set)  
@@ -103,7 +112,9 @@
          "geoip-cn",
          "geosite-cn"
        ],
+        // 已弃用
        "rule_set_ipcidr_match_source": false,
+        "rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source": false,
        "invert": false,
        "outbound": "direct"
      },
@@ -301,7 +312,17 @@

 !!! question "自 sing-box 1.8.0 起"

-使规则集中的 `ipcidr` 规则匹配源 IP。
+!!! failure "已在 sing-box 1.10.0 废弃"
+
+    `rule_set_ipcidr_match_source` 已重命名为 `rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source` 且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 移除。
+
+使规则集中的 `ip_cidr` 规则匹配源 IP。
+
+#### rule_set_ip_cidr_match_source
+
+!!! question "自 sing-box 1.10.0 起"
+
+使规则集中的 `ip_cidr` 规则匹配源 IP。

 #### invert

@@ -1,11 +1,22 @@
+---
+icon: material/new-box
+---
+
+!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    :material-plus: BitTorrent support
+    :material-plus: DTLS support
+
 If enabled in the inbound, the protocol and domain name (if present) of by the connection can be sniffed.

 #### Supported Protocols

-| Network | Protocol | Domain Name |
-|:-------:|:--------:|:-----------:|
-|   TCP   |   HTTP   |    Host     |
-|   TCP   |   TLS    | Server Name |
-|   UDP   |   QUIC   | Server Name |
-|   UDP   |   STUN   |      /      |
-| TCP/UDP |   DNS    |      /      |
+| Network |   Protocol   | Domain Name |
+|:-------:|:------------:|:-----------:|
+|   TCP   |    `http`    |    Host     |
+|   TCP   |    `tls`     | Server Name |
+|   UDP   |    `quic`    | Server Name |
+|   UDP   |    `stun`    |      /      |
+| TCP/UDP |    `dns`     |      /      |
+| TCP/UDP | `bittorrent` |      /      |
+|   UDP   |    `dtls`    |      /      |
@@ -1,11 +1,22 @@
+---
+icon: material/new-box
+---
+
+!!! quote "sing-box 1.10.0 中的更改"
+
+    :material-plus: BitTorrent 支持
+    :material-plus: DTLS 支持
+
 如果在入站中启用，则可以嗅探连接的协议和域名（如果存在）。

 #### 支持的协议

-|   网络    |  协议  |     域名      |
-|:-------:|:----:|:-----------:|
-|   TCP   | HTTP |    Host     |
-|   TCP   | TLS  | Server Name |
-|   UDP   | QUIC | Server Name |
-|   UDP   | STUN |      /      |
-| TCP/UDP | DNS  |      /      |
+|   网络    |      协议      |     域名      |
+|:-------:|:------------:|:-----------:|
+|   TCP   |    `http`    |    Host     |
+|   TCP   |    `tls`     | Server Name |
+|   UDP   |    `quic`    | Server Name |
+|   UDP   |    `stun`    |      /      |
+| TCP/UDP |    `dns`     |      /      |
+| TCP/UDP | `bittorrent` |      /      |
+|   UDP   |    `dtls`    |      /      |
@@ -1,48 +1,56 @@
-# Rule Set
+---
+icon: material/new-box
+---
+
+!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+    :material-plus: `type: inline`
+
+# rule-set

 !!! question "Since sing-box 1.8.0"

 ### Structure

-```json
-{
-  "type": "",
-  "tag": "",
-  "format": "",
-  
-  ... // Typed Fields
-}
-```
+=== "Inline"

-#### Local Structure
+    !!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

-```json
-{
-  "type": "local",
-  
-  ...
-  
-  "path": ""
-}
-```
+    ```json
+    {
+      "type": "inline", // optional
+      "tag": "",
+      "rules": []
+    }
+    ```

-#### Remote Structure
+=== "Local File"

-!!! info ""
+    ```json
+    {
+      "type": "local",
+      "tag": "",
+      "format": "source", // or binary
+      "path": ""
+    }
+    ```

-    Remote rule-set will be cached if `experimental.cache_file.enabled`.
+=== "Remote File"

-```json
-{
-  "type": "remote",
-  
-  ...,
-  
-  "url": "",
-  "download_detour": "",
-  "update_interval": ""
-}
-```
+    !!! info ""
+    
+        Remote rule-set will be cached if `experimental.cache_file.enabled`.
+
+    ```json
+    {
+      "type": "remote",
+      "tag": "",
+      "format": "source", // or binary
+      "url": "",
+      "download_detour": "", // optional
+      "update_interval": "" // optional
+    }
+    ```

 ### Fields

@@ -50,19 +58,31 @@

 ==Required==

-Type of Rule Set, `local` or `remote`.
+Type of rule-set, `local` or `remote`.

 #### tag

 ==Required==

-Tag of Rule Set.
+Tag of rule-set.
+
+### Inline Fields
+
+!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"
+
+#### rules
+
+==Required==
+
+List of [Headless Rule](./headless-rule.md/).
+
+### Local or Remote Fields

 #### format

 ==Required==

-Format of Rule Set, `source` or `binary`.
+Format of rule-set file, `source` or `binary`.

 ### Local Fields

@@ -70,7 +90,11 @@ Format of Rule Set, `source` or `binary`.

 ==Required==

-File path of Rule Set.
+!!! note ""
+
+    Will be automatically reloaded if file modified since sing-box 1.10.0.
+
+File path of rule-set.

 ### Remote Fields

@@ -78,7 +102,7 @@ File path of Rule Set.

 ==Required==

-Download URL of Rule Set.
+Download URL of rule-set.

 #### download_detour

@@ -88,6 +112,6 @@ Default outbound will be used if empty.

 #### update_interval

-Update interval of Rule Set.
+Update interval of rule-set.

 `1d` will be used if empty.
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Use `sing-box rule-set compile [--output <file-name>.srs] <file-name>.json` to c

 ==Required==

-Version of Rule Set, must be `1`.
+Version of rule-set, must be `1`.

 #### rules

@@ -83,10 +83,7 @@

 如果设置，域名将在请求发出之前解析为 IP。

-| 出站     | 受影响的域名             | 默认回退值                                |
-|----------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
-| `direct` | 请求中的域名              | `inbound.domain_strategy`                 | 
-|  others  | 服务器地址中的域名        | /                                         |
+默认使用 `dns.strategy`。

 #### fallback_delay

@@ -178,6 +178,10 @@ The server certificate line array, in PEM format.

 #### certificate_path

+!!! note ""
+
+    Will be automatically reloaded if file modified.
+
 The path to the server certificate, in PEM format.

 #### key
@@ -190,6 +194,10 @@ The server private key line array, in PEM format.

 ==Server only==

+!!! note ""
+
+    Will be automatically reloaded if file modified.
+
 The path to the server private key, in PEM format.

 ## Custom TLS support
@@ -266,6 +274,10 @@ ECH key line array, in PEM format.

 ==Server only==

+!!! note ""
+
+    Will be automatically reloaded if file modified.
+
 The path to ECH key, in PEM format.

 #### config
@@ -397,8 +409,4 @@ A hexadecimal string with zero to eight digits.

 The maximum time difference between the server and the client.

-Check disabled if empty.
-
-### Reload
-
-For server configuration, certificate, key and ECH key will be automatically reloaded if modified.
+Check disabled if empty.
@@ -176,12 +176,20 @@ TLS 版本值：

 #### certificate_path

+!!! note ""
+
+    文件更改时将自动重新加载。
+
 服务器 PEM 证书路径。

 #### key

 ==仅服务器==

+!!! note ""
+
+    文件更改时将自动重新加载。
+
 服务器 PEM 私钥行数组。

 #### key_path
@@ -258,6 +266,10 @@ ECH PEM 密钥行数组

 ==仅服务器==

+!!! note ""
+
+    文件更改时将自动重新加载。
+
 ECH PEM 密钥路径

 #### config
@@ -384,7 +396,3 @@ ACME DNS01 验证字段。如果配置，将禁用其他验证方法。
 服务器与和客户端之间允许的最大时间差。

 默认禁用检查。
-
-### 重载
-
-对于服务器配置，如果修改，证书和密钥将自动重新加载。
@@ -4,6 +4,20 @@ icon: material/delete-alert

 # Deprecated Feature List

+## 1.10.0
+
+#### TUN address fields are merged
+
+`inet4_address` and `inet6_address` are merged into `address`,
+`inet4_route_address` and `inet6_route_address` are merged into `route_address`,
+`inet4_route_exclude_address` and `inet6_route_exclude_address` are merged into `route_exclude_address`.
+
+Old fields are deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0.
+
+#### Drop support for go1.18 and go1.19
+
+Due to maintenance difficulties, sing-box 1.10.0 requires at least Go 1.20 to compile.
+
 ## 1.8.0

 #### Cache file and related features in Clash API
@@ -19,7 +33,7 @@ The maxmind GeoIP National Database, as an IP classification database,
 is not entirely suitable for traffic bypassing,
 and all existing implementations suffer from high memory usage and difficult management.

-sing-box 1.8.0 introduces [Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/), which can completely replace GeoIP,
+sing-box 1.8.0 introduces [rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/), which can completely replace GeoIP,
 check [Migration](/migration/#migrate-geoip-to-rule-sets).

 #### Geosite
@@ -29,7 +43,7 @@ Geosite is deprecated and may be removed in the future.
 Geosite, the `domain-list-community` project maintained by V2Ray as an early traffic bypassing solution,
 suffers from a number of problems, including lack of maintenance, inaccurate rules, and difficult management.

-sing-box 1.8.0 introduces [Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/), which can completely replace Geosite,
+sing-box 1.8.0 introduces [rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/), which can completely replace Geosite,
 check [Migration](/migration/#migrate-geosite-to-rule-sets).

 ## 1.6.0
@@ -4,6 +4,20 @@ icon: material/delete-alert

 # 废弃功能列表

+## 1.10.0
+
+#### TUN 地址字段已合并
+
+`inet4_address` 和 `inet6_address` 已合并为 `address`，
+`inet4_route_address` 和 `inet6_route_address` 已合并为 `route_address`，
+`inet4_route_exclude_address` 和 `inet6_route_exclude_address` 已合并为 `route_exclude_address`。
+
+旧字段已废弃，且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 中移除。
+
+#### 移除对 go1.18 和 go1.19 的支持
+
+由于维护困难，sing-box 1.10.0 要求至少 Go 1.20 才能编译。
+
 ## 1.8.0

 #### Clash API 中的 Cache file 及相关功能
@@ -6,18 +6,26 @@ icon: material/file-code

 ## :material-graph: Requirements

-### sing-box 1.10
+Before sing-box 1.4.0:

-* Go 1.20.0 - ~
+* Go 1.18.5 - 1.20.x
+
+Since sing-box 1.4.0:
+
+* Go 1.18.5 - ~
+* Go 1.20.0 - ~ with tag `with_quic` enabled
+
+Since sing-box 1.5.0:
+
+* Go 1.18.5 - ~
+* Go 1.20.0 - ~ with tag `with_quic` or `with_ech` enabled
+
+Since sing-box 1.8.0:
+
+* Go 1.18.5 - ~
 * Go 1.20.0 - ~ with tag `with_quic`, or `with_utls` enabled
 * Go 1.21.0 - ~ with tag `with_ech` enabled

-### sing-box 1.9
-
-* Go 1.18.5 - 1.22.x
-* Go 1.20.0 - 1.22.x with tag `with_quic`, or `with_utls` enabled
-* Go 1.21.0 - 1.22.x with tag `with_ech` enabled
-
 You can download and install Go from: https://go.dev/doc/install, latest version is recommended.

 ## :material-fast-forward: Simple Build
@@ -6,17 +6,25 @@ icon: material/file-code

 ## :material-graph: 要求

-### sing-box 1.10
+sing-box 1.4.0 前:

-* Go 1.20.0 - ~
-* Go 1.20.0 - ~ with tag `with_quic`, or `with_utls` enabled
-* Go 1.21.0 - ~ with tag `with_ech` enabled
+* Go 1.18.5 - 1.20.x

-### sing-box 1.9
+从 sing-box 1.4.0:

-* Go 1.18.5 - 1.22.x
-* Go 1.20.0 - 1.22.x with tag `with_quic`, or `with_utls` enabled
-* Go 1.21.0 - 1.22.x with tag `with_ech` enabled
+* Go 1.18.5 - ~
+* Go 1.20.0 - ~ 如果启用构建标记 `with_quic`
+
+从 sing-box 1.5.0:
+
+* Go 1.18.5 - ~
+* Go 1.20.0 - ~ 如果启用构建标记 `with_quic` 或 `with_ech`
+
+从 sing-box 1.8.0:
+
+* Go 1.18.5 - ~
+* Go 1.20.0 - ~ 如果启用构建标记 `with_quic` 或 `with_utls`
+* Go 1.20.1 - ~ 如果启用构建标记 `with_ech`

 您可以从 https://go.dev/doc/install 下载并安装 Go，推荐使用最新版本。

@@ -24,7 +24,14 @@ icon: material/package
    sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://sing-box.app/sing-box.repo
    sudo dnf install sing-box # or sing-box-beta
    ```
-    (This applies to any distribution that uses `dnf` as the package manager: Fedora, CentOS, even OpenSUSE with DNF installed.)
+
+=== ":material-redhat: CentOS / YUM"
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo yum install -y yum-utils
+    sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://sing-box.app/sing-box.repo
+    sudo yum install sing-box # or sing-box-beta
+    ```

 ## :material-download-box: Manual Installation

@@ -39,7 +46,6 @@ icon: material/package
    ```bash
    bash <(curl -fsSL https://sing-box.app/rpm-install.sh)
    ```
-    (This applies to any distribution that uses `rpm` and `systemd`.  Because of how `rpm` defines dependencies, if it installs, it probably works.)

 === ":simple-archlinux: Archlinux / PKG"

@@ -57,7 +63,6 @@ icon: material/package
    | nixpkgs  | NixOS         | `nix-env -iA nixos.sing-box` | [![nixpkgs unstable package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/nix_unstable/sing-box.svg)][nixpkgs] |
    | Homebrew | macOS / Linux | `brew install sing-box`      | [![Homebrew package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/homebrew/sing-box.svg)][brew]                |
    | APK      | Alpine        | `apk add sing-box`           | [![Alpine Linux Edge package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/alpine_edge/sing-box.svg)][alpine]  |
-    | DEB      | AOSC          | `apt install sing-box`       | [![AOSC package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/aosc/sing-box.svg)][aosc]                        |

 === ":material-apple: macOS"

@@ -85,22 +90,6 @@ icon: material/package
    |------------|----------|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    | FreshPorts | FreeBSD  | `pkg install sing-box` | [![FreeBSD port](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/freebsd/sing-box.svg)][ports] |

-## :material-alert: Problematic Sources
-
-| Type       | Platform | Link                                                                                      | Promblem(s)                                                      |
-|------------|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| DEB        | AOSC     | [aosc-os-abbs](https://github.com/AOSC-Dev/aosc-os-abbs/tree/stable/app-network/sing-box) | Problematic build tag list modification; Not actively maintained |
-| Homebrew   | /        | [homebrew-core][brew]                                                                     | Problematic build tag list modification                          |
-| Termux     | Android  | [termux-packages][termux]                                                                 | Problematic build tag list modification                          |
-| FreshPorts | FreeBSD  | [FreeBSD ports][ports]                                                                    | Old Go  (go1.20)                                                 |
-
-If you are a user of them, please report issues to them:
-
-1. Please do not modify release build tags without full understanding of the related functionality: enabling non-default
-   labels may result in decreased performance; the lack of default labels may cause user confusion.
-2. sing-box supports compiling with some older Go versions, but it is not recommended (especially versions that are no
-   longer supported by Go).
-
 ## :material-book-multiple: Service Management

 For Linux systems with [systemd][systemd], usually the installation already includes a sing-box service,
@@ -139,6 +128,4 @@ you can manage the service using the following command:

 [ports]: https://www.freshports.org/net/sing-box

-[aosc]: https://packages.aosc.io/packages/sing-box
-
 [systemd]: https://systemd.io/
@@ -24,7 +24,14 @@ icon: material/package
    sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://sing-box.app/sing-box.repo
    sudo dnf install sing-box # or sing-box-beta
    ```
-    （这适用于任何使用 `dnf` 作为包管理器的发行版：Fedora、CentOS，甚至安装了 DNF 的 OpenSUSE。）
+
+=== ":material-redhat: CentOS / YUM"
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo yum install -y yum-utils
+    sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://sing-box.app/sing-box.repo
+    sudo yum install sing-box # or sing-box-beta
+    ```

 ## :material-download-box: 手动安装

@@ -39,7 +46,6 @@ icon: material/package
    ```bash
    bash <(curl -fsSL https://sing-box.app/rpm-install.sh)
    ```
-    （这适用于任何使用 `rpm` 和 `systemd` 的发行版。由于 `rpm` 定义依赖关系的方式，如果安装成功，就多半能用。）

 === ":simple-archlinux: Archlinux / PKG"

@@ -57,7 +63,6 @@ icon: material/package
    | nixpkgs  | NixOS         | `nix-env -iA nixos.sing-box` | [![nixpkgs unstable package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/nix_unstable/sing-box.svg)][nixpkgs] |
    | Homebrew | macOS / Linux | `brew install sing-box`      | [![Homebrew package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/homebrew/sing-box.svg)][brew]                |
    | APK      | Alpine        | `apk add sing-box`           | [![Alpine Linux Edge package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/alpine_edge/sing-box.svg)][alpine]  |
-    | DEB      | AOSC          | `apt install sing-box`       | [![AOSC package](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/aosc/sing-box.svg)][aosc]                        |

 === ":material-apple: macOS"

@@ -85,21 +90,6 @@ icon: material/package
    |------------|---------|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    | FreshPorts | FreeBSD | `pkg install sing-box` | [![FreeBSD port](https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/freebsd/sing-box.svg)][ports] |

-
-## :material-alert: 存在问题的源
-
-| 类型         | 平台      | 链接                                                                                        | 原因                    |
-|------------|---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|
-| DEB        | AOSC    | [aosc-os-abbs](https://github.com/AOSC-Dev/aosc-os-abbs/tree/stable/app-network/sing-box) | 存在问题的构建标志列表修改; 没有活跃维护 |
-| Homebrew   | /       | [homebrew-core][brew]                                                                     | 存在问题的构建标志列表修改         |
-| Termux     | Android | [termux-packages][termux]                                                                 | 存在问题的构建标志列表修改         |
-| FreshPorts | FreeBSD | [FreeBSD ports][ports]                                                                    | 太旧的 Go (go1.20)       |
-
-如果您是其用户，请向他们报告问题：
-
-1. 在未完全了解相关功能的情况下，请勿修改发布版本标签：启用非默认标签可能会导致性能下降；缺少默认标签可能会引起用户混淆。
-2. sing-box 支持使用一些较旧的 Go 版本进行编译，但不推荐使用（特别是已不再受 Go 支持的版本）。
-
 ## :material-book-multiple: 服务管理

 对于带有 [systemd][systemd] 的 Linux 系统，通常安装已经包含 sing-box 服务，
@@ -134,6 +124,4 @@ icon: material/package

 [ports]: https://www.freshports.org/net/sing-box

-[aosc]: https://packages.aosc.io/packages/sing-box
-
 [systemd]: https://systemd.io/
@@ -4,17 +4,16 @@ icon: material/lightning-bolt

 # Hysteria 2

-Hysteria 2 is a simple, Chinese-made protocol based on QUIC.
-The selling point is Brutal, a congestion control algorithm that
-tries to achieve a user-defined bandwidth despite packet loss.
+The most popular Chinese-made simple protocol based on QUIC, the selling point is Brutal,
+a congestion control algorithm that can resist packet loss by manually specifying the required rate by the user.

 !!! warning

-    Even though GFW rarely blocks UDP-based proxies, such protocols actually have far more obvious characteristics than TCP based proxies.
+    Even though GFW rarely blocks UDP-based proxies, such protocols actually have far more characteristics than TCP based proxies.

-| Specification                                                             | Resists passive detection | Resists active probes |
-|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|-----------------------|
-| [hysteria.network](https://v2.hysteria.network/docs/developers/Protocol/) | :material-alert:          | :material-check:      |
+| Specification                                                             | Binary Characteristics | Active Detect Hiddenness |
+|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|--------------------------|
+| [hysteria.network](https://v2.hysteria.network/docs/developers/Protocol/) | :material-alert:       | :material-check:         |

 ## :material-text-box-check: Password Generator

@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ To use sing-box with the official program, you need to fill in that combination
    Replace `up_mbps` and `down_mbps` values with the actual bandwidth of your server.

 === ":material-harddisk: With local certificate"
-
+    
    ```json
     {
      "inbounds": [
@@ -4,18 +4,15 @@ icon: material/send

 # Shadowsocks

-Shadowsocks is the most well-known Chinese-made proxy protocol.
-It exists in multiple versions, but only AEAD 2022 ciphers 
-over TCP with multiplexing is recommended.
+As the most well-known Chinese-made proxy protocol,
+Shadowsocks exists in multiple versions,
+but only AEAD 2022 ciphers TCP with multiplexing is recommended.

-| Ciphers        | Specification                                              | Cryptographically sound | Resists passive detection | Resists active probes |
-|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|---------------------------|-----------------------|
-| Stream Ciphers | [shadowsocks.org](https://shadowsocks.org/doc/stream.html) | :material-alert:        | :material-alert:          | :material-alert:      |
-| AEAD           | [shadowsocks.org](https://shadowsocks.org/doc/aead.html)   | :material-check:        | :material-alert:          | :material-alert:      |
-| AEAD 2022      | [shadowsocks.org](https://shadowsocks.org/doc/sip022.html) | :material-check:        | :material-check:          | :material-help:       |
-
-(We strongly recommend using multiplexing to send UDP traffic over TCP, because
-doing otherwise is vulnerable to passive detection.)
+| Ciphers        | Specification                                              | Cryptographic Security | Binary Characteristics | Active Detect Hiddenness |
+|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|--------------------------|
+| Stream Ciphers | [shadowsocks.org](https://shadowsocks.org/doc/stream.html) | :material-alert:       | :material-alert:       | :material-alert:         |
+| AEAD           | [shadowsocks.org](https://shadowsocks.org/doc/aead.html)   | :material-check:       | :material-alert:       | :material-alert:         |
+| AEAD 2022      | [shadowsocks.org](https://shadowsocks.org/doc/sip022.html) | :material-check:       | :material-check:       | :material-help:          |

 ## :material-text-box-check: Password Generator

@@ -4,15 +4,15 @@ icon: material/horse

 # Trojan

-Torjan is the most commonly used TLS proxy made in China. It can be used in various combinations,
+As the most commonly used TLS proxy made in China, Trojan can be used in various combinations,
 but only the combination of uTLS and multiplexing is recommended.

-| Protocol and implementation combination | Specification                                                        | Resists passive detection | Resists active probes |
-|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|-----------------------|
-| Origin / trojan-gfw                     | [trojan-gfw.github.io](https://trojan-gfw.github.io/trojan/protocol) | :material-check:          | :material-check:      |
-| Basic Go implementation                 | /                                                                    | :material-alert:          | :material-check:      |
-| with privates transport by V2Ray        | No formal definition                                                 | :material-alert:          | :material-alert:      |
-| with uTLS enabled                       | No formal definition                                                 | :material-help:           | :material-check:      |
+| Protocol and implementation combination | Specification                                                        | Binary Characteristics | Active Detect Hiddenness |
+|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|--------------------------|
+| Origin / trojan-gfw                     | [trojan-gfw.github.io](https://trojan-gfw.github.io/trojan/protocol) | :material-check:       | :material-check:         |
+| Basic Go implementation                 | /                                                                    | :material-alert:       | :material-check:         |
+| with privates transport by V2Ray        | No formal definition                                                 | :material-alert:       | :material-alert:         |
+| with uTLS enabled                       | No formal definition                                                 | :material-help:        | :material-check:         |                             

 ## :material-text-box-check: Password Generator

@@ -211,3 +211,4 @@ but only the combination of uTLS and multiplexing is recommended.
      ]
    }
    ```
+
@@ -2,22 +2,73 @@
 icon: material/arrange-bring-forward
 ---

-## 1.9.5
+## 1.10.0

-### Bundle Identifier updates in Apple platform clients
+### TUN address fields are merged

-Due to problems with our old Apple developer account,
-we can only change Bundle Identifiers to re-list sing-box apps,
-which means the data will not be automatically inherited.
+`inet4_address` and `inet6_address` are merged into `address`,
+`inet4_route_address` and `inet6_route_address` are merged into `route_address`,
+`inet4_route_exclude_address` and `inet6_route_exclude_address` are merged into `route_exclude_address`.

-For iOS, you need to back up your old data yourself (if you still have access to it);  
-for tvOS, you need to re-import profiles from your iPhone or iPad or create it manually;  
-for macOS, you can migrate the data folder using the following command:
+Old fields are deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.11.0.

-```bash
-cd ~/Library/Group\ Containers && \ 
-  mv group.io.nekohasekai.sfa group.io.nekohasekai.sfavt
-```
+!!! info "References"
+
+    [TUN](/configuration/inbound/tun/)
+
+=== ":material-card-remove: Deprecated"
+
+    ```json
+    {
+      "inbounds": [
+        {
+          "type": "tun",
+          "inet4_address": "172.19.0.1/30",
+          "inet6_address": "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126",
+          "inet4_route_address": [
+            "0.0.0.0/1",
+            "128.0.0.0/1"
+          ],
+          "inet6_route_address": [
+            "::/1",
+            "8000::/1"
+          ],
+          "inet4_route_exclude_address": [
+            "192.168.0.0/16"
+          ],
+          "inet6_route_exclude_address": [
+            "fc00::/7"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+    ```
+
+=== ":material-card-multiple: New"
+
+    ```json
+    {
+      "inbounds": [
+        {
+          "type": "tun",
+          "address": [
+            "172.19.0.1/30",
+            "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
+          ],
+          "route_address": [
+            "0.0.0.0/1",
+            "128.0.0.0/1",
+            "::/1",
+            "8000::/1"
+          ],
+          "route_exclude_address": [
+            "192.168.0.0/16",
+            "fc00::/7"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+    ```

 ## 1.9.0

@@ -77,7 +128,7 @@ which will disrupt the existing `process_path` use cases in Windows.
    }
    ```

-### :material-checkbox-intermediate: Migrate GeoIP to rule sets
+### :material-checkbox-intermediate: Migrate GeoIP to rule-sets

 !!! info "References"

@@ -85,11 +136,11 @@ which will disrupt the existing `process_path` use cases in Windows.
    [Route](/configuration/route/) / 
    [Route Rule](/configuration/route/rule/) / 
    [DNS Rule](/configuration/dns/rule/) / 
-    [Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/)
+    [rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/)

 !!! tip

-    `sing-box geoip` commands can help you convert custom GeoIP into rule sets.
+    `sing-box geoip` commands can help you convert custom GeoIP into rule-sets.

 === ":material-card-remove: Deprecated"

@@ -156,13 +207,13 @@ which will disrupt the existing `process_path` use cases in Windows.
      },
      "experimental": {
        "cache_file": {
-          "enabled": true // required to save Rule Set cache
+          "enabled": true // required to save rule-set cache
        }
      }
    }
    ```

-### :material-checkbox-intermediate: Migrate Geosite to rule sets
+### :material-checkbox-intermediate: Migrate Geosite to rule-sets

 !!! info "References"

@@ -170,11 +221,11 @@ which will disrupt the existing `process_path` use cases in Windows.
    [Route](/configuration/route/) / 
    [Route Rule](/configuration/route/rule/) / 
    [DNS Rule](/configuration/dns/rule/) / 
-    [Rule Set](/configuration/rule-set/)
+    [rule-set](/configuration/rule-set/)

 !!! tip

-    `sing-box geosite` commands can help you convert custom Geosite into rule sets.
+    `sing-box geosite` commands can help you convert custom Geosite into rule-sets.

 === ":material-card-remove: Deprecated"

@@ -217,7 +268,7 @@ which will disrupt the existing `process_path` use cases in Windows.
      },
      "experimental": {
        "cache_file": {
-          "enabled": true // required to save Rule Set cache
+          "enabled": true // required to save rule-set cache
        }
      }
    }
@@ -2,21 +2,73 @@
 icon: material/arrange-bring-forward
 ---

-## 1.9.5
+## 1.10.0

-### Apple 平台客户端的 Bundle Identifier 更新
+### TUN 地址字段已合并

-由于我们旧的苹果开发者账户存在问题，我们只能通过更新 Bundle Identifiers
-来重新上架 sing-box 应用， 这意味着数据不会自动继承。
+`inet4_address` 和 `inet6_address` 已合并为 `address`，
+`inet4_route_address` 和 `inet6_route_address` 已合并为 `route_address`，
+`inet4_route_exclude_address` 和 `inet6_route_exclude_address` 已合并为 `route_exclude_address`。

-对于 iOS，您需要自行备份旧的数据（如果您仍然可以访问）；  
-对于 Apple tvOS，您需要从 iPhone 或 iPad 重新导入配置或者手动创建；  
-对于 macOS，您可以使用以下命令迁移数据文件夹：
+旧字段已废弃，且将在 sing-box 1.11.0 中移除。

-```bash
-cd ~/Library/Group\ Containers && \ 
-  mv group.io.nekohasekai.sfa group.io.nekohasekai.sfavt
-```
+!!! info "参考"
+
+    [TUN](/zh/configuration/inbound/tun/)
+
+=== ":material-card-remove: 弃用的"
+
+    ```json
+    {
+      "inbounds": [
+        {
+          "type": "tun",
+          "inet4_address": "172.19.0.1/30",
+          "inet6_address": "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126",
+          "inet4_route_address": [
+            "0.0.0.0/1",
+            "128.0.0.0/1"
+          ],
+          "inet6_route_address": [
+            "::/1",
+            "8000::/1"
+          ],
+          "inet4_route_exclude_address": [
+            "192.168.0.0/16"
+          ],
+          "inet6_route_exclude_address": [
+            "fc00::/7"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+    ```
+
+=== ":material-card-multiple: 新的"
+
+    ```json
+    {
+      "inbounds": [
+        {
+          "type": "tun",
+          "address": [
+            "172.19.0.1/30",
+            "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
+          ],
+          "route_address": [
+            "0.0.0.0/1",
+            "128.0.0.0/1",
+            "::/1",
+            "8000::/1"
+          ],
+          "route_exclude_address": [
+            "192.168.0.0/16",
+            "fc00::/7"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+    ```

 ## 1.9.0

@@ -154,7 +206,7 @@ sing-box 1.9.0 使 QueryFullProcessImageNameW 输出 Win32 路径（如 `C:\fold
      },
      "experimental": {
        "cache_file": {
-          "enabled": true // required to save Rule Set cache
+          "enabled": true // required to save rule-set cache
        }
      }
    }
@@ -215,7 +267,7 @@ sing-box 1.9.0 使 QueryFullProcessImageNameW 输出 Win32 路径（如 `C:\fold
      },
      "experimental": {
        "cache_file": {
-          "enabled": true // required to save Rule Set cache
+          "enabled": true // required to save rule-set cache
        }
      }
    }
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
---
-icon: material/hand-coin
---
-
-# Sponsors
-
-Do you or your friends use sing-box?
-
-You can help keep the project bug-free and feature rich by sponsoring
-the project maintainer via [GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/nekohasekai).
-
-![](https://nekohasekai.github.io/sponsor-images/sponsors.svg)
-
-### Special Sponsors
-
-**Viral Tech, Inc.**
-
-Helping us re-list sing-box apps on the Apple Store.
-
---
-
-[![JetBrains logo](https://resources.jetbrains.com/storage/products/company/brand/logos/jetbrains.svg)](https://www.jetbrains.com)
-
-Free license for the amazing IDEs.
-
---
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ icon: material/forum
 # Support

 | Channel                       | Link                                        |
-| :---------------------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
+|:------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------|
+| Community                     | https://community.sagernet.org              |
 | GitHub Issues                 | https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/issues |
 | Telegram notification channel | https://t.me/yapnc                          |
 | Telegram user group           | https://t.me/yapug                          |
@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@ icon: material/forum

 # 支持

-| 通道              | 链接                                        |
-| :---------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
-| GitHub Issues     | https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/issues |
+| 通道            | 链接                                          |
+|:--------------|:--------------------------------------------|
+| 社区            | https://community.sagernet.org              |
+| GitHub Issues | https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/issues |
 | Telegram 通知频道 | https://t.me/yapnc                          |
-| Telegram 用户组   | https://t.me/yapug                          |
-| 邮件              | contact@sagernet.org                        |
+| Telegram 用户组  | https://t.me/yapug                          |
+| 邮件            | contact@sagernet.org                        |

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
 	"github.com/go-chi/render"
+	"github.com/gofrs/uuid/v5"
 )

 func connectionRouter(router adapter.Router, trafficManager *trafficontrol.Manager) http.Handler {
@@ -76,10 +77,10 @@ func getConnections(trafficManager *trafficontrol.Manager) func(w http.ResponseW

 func closeConnection(trafficManager *trafficontrol.Manager) func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		id := chi.URLParam(r, "id")
+		id := uuid.FromStringOrNil(chi.URLParam(r, "id"))
 		snapshot := trafficManager.Snapshot()
 		for _, c := range snapshot.Connections {
-			if id == c.ID() {
+			if id == c.Metadata().ID {
 				c.Close()
 				break
 			}
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
@@ -19,7 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	F "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/format"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
@@ -144,7 +145,18 @@ func (s *Server) PreStart() error {
 func (s *Server) Start() error {
 	if s.externalController {
 		s.checkAndDownloadExternalUI()
-		listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", s.httpServer.Addr)
+		var (
+			listener net.Listener
+			err      error
+		)
+		for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+			listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", s.httpServer.Addr)
+			if runtime.GOOS == "android" && errors.Is(err, syscall.EADDRINUSE) {
+				time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+				continue
+			}
+			break
+		}
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, "external controller listen error")
 		}
@@ -218,58 +230,15 @@ func (s *Server) TrafficManager() *trafficontrol.Manager {
 }

 func (s *Server) RoutedConnection(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, metadata adapter.InboundContext, matchedRule adapter.Rule) (net.Conn, adapter.Tracker) {
-	tracker := trafficontrol.NewTCPTracker(conn, s.trafficManager, castMetadata(metadata), s.router, matchedRule)
+	tracker := trafficontrol.NewTCPTracker(conn, s.trafficManager, metadata, s.router, matchedRule)
 	return tracker, tracker
 }

 func (s *Server) RoutedPacketConnection(ctx context.Context, conn N.PacketConn, metadata adapter.InboundContext, matchedRule adapter.Rule) (N.PacketConn, adapter.Tracker) {
-	tracker := trafficontrol.NewUDPTracker(conn, s.trafficManager, castMetadata(metadata), s.router, matchedRule)
+	tracker := trafficontrol.NewUDPTracker(conn, s.trafficManager, metadata, s.router, matchedRule)
 	return tracker, tracker
 }

-func castMetadata(metadata adapter.InboundContext) trafficontrol.Metadata {
-	var inbound string
-	if metadata.Inbound != "" {
-		inbound = metadata.InboundType + "/" + metadata.Inbound
-	} else {
-		inbound = metadata.InboundType
-	}
-	var domain string
-	if metadata.Domain != "" {
-		domain = metadata.Domain
-	} else {
-		domain = metadata.Destination.Fqdn
-	}
-	var processPath string
-	if metadata.ProcessInfo != nil {
-		if metadata.ProcessInfo.ProcessPath != "" {
-			processPath = metadata.ProcessInfo.ProcessPath
-		} else if metadata.ProcessInfo.PackageName != "" {
-			processPath = metadata.ProcessInfo.PackageName
-		}
-		if processPath == "" {
-			if metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId != -1 {
-				processPath = F.ToString(metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId)
-			}
-		} else if metadata.ProcessInfo.User != "" {
-			processPath = F.ToString(processPath, " (", metadata.ProcessInfo.User, ")")
-		} else if metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId != -1 {
-			processPath = F.ToString(processPath, " (", metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId, ")")
-		}
-	}
-	return trafficontrol.Metadata{
-		NetWork:     metadata.Network,
-		Type:        inbound,
-		SrcIP:       metadata.Source.Addr,
-		DstIP:       metadata.Destination.Addr,
-		SrcPort:     F.ToString(metadata.Source.Port),
-		DstPort:     F.ToString(metadata.Destination.Port),
-		Host:        domain,
-		DNSMode:     "normal",
-		ProcessPath: processPath,
-	}
-}
-
 func authentication(serverSecret string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 	return func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 		fn := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -308,11 +277,10 @@ func authentication(serverSecret string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {

 func hello(redirect bool) func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		contentType := r.Header.Get("Content-Type")
-		if !redirect || contentType == "application/json" {
-			render.JSON(w, r, render.M{"hello": "clash"})
-		} else {
+		if redirect {
 			http.Redirect(w, r, "/ui/", http.StatusTemporaryRedirect)
+		} else {
+			render.JSON(w, r, render.M{"hello": "clash"})
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -2,10 +2,17 @@ package trafficontrol

 import (
 	"runtime"
+	"sync"
 	"time"

+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/clashapi/compatible"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/atomic"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"
+
+	"github.com/gofrs/uuid/v5"
 )

 type Manager struct {
@@ -16,9 +23,11 @@ type Manager struct {
 	uploadTotal   atomic.Int64
 	downloadTotal atomic.Int64

-	connections compatible.Map[string, tracker]
-	ticker      *time.Ticker
-	done        chan struct{}
+	connections             compatible.Map[uuid.UUID, Tracker]
+	closedConnectionsAccess sync.Mutex
+	closedConnections       list.List[TrackerMetadata]
+	ticker                  *time.Ticker
+	done                    chan struct{}
 	// process     *process.Process
 	memory uint64
 }
@@ -33,12 +42,22 @@ func NewManager() *Manager {
 	return manager
 }

-func (m *Manager) Join(c tracker) {
-	m.connections.Store(c.ID(), c)
+func (m *Manager) Join(c Tracker) {
+	m.connections.Store(c.Metadata().ID, c)
 }

-func (m *Manager) Leave(c tracker) {
-	m.connections.Delete(c.ID())
+func (m *Manager) Leave(c Tracker) {
+	metadata := c.Metadata()
+	_, loaded := m.connections.LoadAndDelete(metadata.ID)
+	if loaded {
+		metadata.ClosedAt = time.Now()
+		m.closedConnectionsAccess.Lock()
+		defer m.closedConnectionsAccess.Unlock()
+		if m.closedConnections.Len() >= 1000 {
+			m.closedConnections.PopFront()
+		}
+		m.closedConnections.PushBack(metadata)
+	}
 }

 func (m *Manager) PushUploaded(size int64) {
@@ -59,14 +78,39 @@ func (m *Manager) Total() (up int64, down int64) {
 	return m.uploadTotal.Load(), m.downloadTotal.Load()
 }

-func (m *Manager) Connections() int {
+func (m *Manager) ConnectionsLen() int {
 	return m.connections.Len()
 }

+func (m *Manager) Connections() []TrackerMetadata {
+	var connections []TrackerMetadata
+	m.connections.Range(func(_ uuid.UUID, value Tracker) bool {
+		connections = append(connections, value.Metadata())
+		return true
+	})
+	return connections
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) ClosedConnections() []TrackerMetadata {
+	m.closedConnectionsAccess.Lock()
+	defer m.closedConnectionsAccess.Unlock()
+	return m.closedConnections.Array()
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) Connection(id uuid.UUID) Tracker {
+	connection, loaded := m.connections.Load(id)
+	if !loaded {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return connection
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) Snapshot() *Snapshot {
-	var connections []tracker
-	m.connections.Range(func(_ string, value tracker) bool {
-		connections = append(connections, value)
+	var connections []Tracker
+	m.connections.Range(func(_ uuid.UUID, value Tracker) bool {
+		if value.Metadata().OutboundType != C.TypeDNS {
+			connections = append(connections, value)
+		}
 		return true
 	})

@@ -75,10 +119,10 @@ func (m *Manager) Snapshot() *Snapshot {
 	m.memory = memStats.StackInuse + memStats.HeapInuse + memStats.HeapIdle - memStats.HeapReleased

 	return &Snapshot{
-		UploadTotal:   m.uploadTotal.Load(),
-		DownloadTotal: m.downloadTotal.Load(),
-		Connections:   connections,
-		Memory:        m.memory,
+		Upload:      m.uploadTotal.Load(),
+		Download:    m.downloadTotal.Load(),
+		Connections: connections,
+		Memory:      m.memory,
 	}
 }

@@ -114,8 +158,17 @@ func (m *Manager) Close() error {
 }

 type Snapshot struct {
-	DownloadTotal int64     `json:"downloadTotal"`
-	UploadTotal   int64     `json:"uploadTotal"`
-	Connections   []tracker `json:"connections"`
-	Memory        uint64    `json:"memory"`
+	Download    int64
+	Upload      int64
+	Connections []Tracker
+	Memory      uint64
+}
+
+func (s *Snapshot) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(map[string]any{
+		"downloadTotal": s.Download,
+		"uploadTotal":   s.Upload,
+		"connections":   common.Map(s.Connections, func(t Tracker) TrackerMetadata { return t.Metadata() }),
+		"memory":        s.Memory,
+	})
 }
@@ -2,97 +2,135 @@ package trafficontrol

 import (
 	"net"
-	"net/netip"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/atomic"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
+	F "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/format"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"

 	"github.com/gofrs/uuid/v5"
 )

-type Metadata struct {
-	NetWork     string     `json:"network"`
-	Type        string     `json:"type"`
-	SrcIP       netip.Addr `json:"sourceIP"`
-	DstIP       netip.Addr `json:"destinationIP"`
-	SrcPort     string     `json:"sourcePort"`
-	DstPort     string     `json:"destinationPort"`
-	Host        string     `json:"host"`
-	DNSMode     string     `json:"dnsMode"`
-	ProcessPath string     `json:"processPath"`
+type TrackerMetadata struct {
+	ID           uuid.UUID
+	Metadata     adapter.InboundContext
+	CreatedAt    time.Time
+	ClosedAt     time.Time
+	Upload       *atomic.Int64
+	Download     *atomic.Int64
+	Chain        []string
+	Rule         adapter.Rule
+	Outbound     string
+	OutboundType string
 }

-type tracker interface {
-	ID() string
-	Close() error
-	Leave()
-}
-
-type trackerInfo struct {
-	UUID          uuid.UUID     `json:"id"`
-	Metadata      Metadata      `json:"metadata"`
-	UploadTotal   *atomic.Int64 `json:"upload"`
-	DownloadTotal *atomic.Int64 `json:"download"`
-	Start         time.Time     `json:"start"`
-	Chain         []string      `json:"chains"`
-	Rule          string        `json:"rule"`
-	RulePayload   string        `json:"rulePayload"`
-}
-
-func (t trackerInfo) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+func (t TrackerMetadata) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	var inbound string
+	if t.Metadata.Inbound != "" {
+		inbound = t.Metadata.InboundType + "/" + t.Metadata.Inbound
+	} else {
+		inbound = t.Metadata.InboundType
+	}
+	var domain string
+	if t.Metadata.Domain != "" {
+		domain = t.Metadata.Domain
+	} else {
+		domain = t.Metadata.Destination.Fqdn
+	}
+	var processPath string
+	if t.Metadata.ProcessInfo != nil {
+		if t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.ProcessPath != "" {
+			processPath = t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.ProcessPath
+		} else if t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.PackageName != "" {
+			processPath = t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.PackageName
+		}
+		if processPath == "" {
+			if t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId != -1 {
+				processPath = F.ToString(t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId)
+			}
+		} else if t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.User != "" {
+			processPath = F.ToString(processPath, " (", t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.User, ")")
+		} else if t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId != -1 {
+			processPath = F.ToString(processPath, " (", t.Metadata.ProcessInfo.UserId, ")")
+		}
+	}
+	var rule string
+	if t.Rule != nil {
+		rule = F.ToString(t.Rule, " => ", t.Rule.Outbound())
+	} else {
+		rule = "final"
+	}
 	return json.Marshal(map[string]any{
-		"id":          t.UUID.String(),
-		"metadata":    t.Metadata,
-		"upload":      t.UploadTotal.Load(),
-		"download":    t.DownloadTotal.Load(),
-		"start":       t.Start,
+		"id": t.ID,
+		"metadata": map[string]any{
+			"network":         t.Metadata.Network,
+			"type":            inbound,
+			"sourceIP":        t.Metadata.Source.Addr,
+			"destinationIP":   t.Metadata.Destination.Addr,
+			"sourcePort":      F.ToString(t.Metadata.Source.Port),
+			"destinationPort": F.ToString(t.Metadata.Destination.Port),
+			"host":            domain,
+			"dnsMode":         "normal",
+			"processPath":     processPath,
+		},
+		"upload":      t.Upload.Load(),
+		"download":    t.Download.Load(),
+		"start":       t.CreatedAt,
 		"chains":      t.Chain,
-		"rule":        t.Rule,
-		"rulePayload": t.RulePayload,
+		"rule":        rule,
+		"rulePayload": "",
 	})
 }

-type tcpTracker struct {
-	N.ExtendedConn `json:"-"`
-	*trackerInfo
-	manager *Manager
+type Tracker interface {
+	adapter.Tracker
+	Metadata() TrackerMetadata
+	Close() error
 }

-func (tt *tcpTracker) ID() string {
-	return tt.UUID.String()
+type TCPConn struct {
+	N.ExtendedConn
+	metadata TrackerMetadata
+	manager  *Manager
 }

-func (tt *tcpTracker) Close() error {
+func (tt *TCPConn) Metadata() TrackerMetadata {
+	return tt.metadata
+}
+
+func (tt *TCPConn) Close() error {
 	tt.manager.Leave(tt)
 	return tt.ExtendedConn.Close()
 }

-func (tt *tcpTracker) Leave() {
+func (tt *TCPConn) Leave() {
 	tt.manager.Leave(tt)
 }

-func (tt *tcpTracker) Upstream() any {
+func (tt *TCPConn) Upstream() any {
 	return tt.ExtendedConn
 }

-func (tt *tcpTracker) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
+func (tt *TCPConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
 	return true
 }

-func (tt *tcpTracker) WriterReplaceable() bool {
+func (tt *TCPConn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
 	return true
 }

-func NewTCPTracker(conn net.Conn, manager *Manager, metadata Metadata, router adapter.Router, rule adapter.Rule) *tcpTracker {
-	uuid, _ := uuid.NewV4()
-
-	var chain []string
-	var next string
+func NewTCPTracker(conn net.Conn, manager *Manager, metadata adapter.InboundContext, router adapter.Router, rule adapter.Rule) *TCPConn {
+	id, _ := uuid.NewV4()
+	var (
+		chain        []string
+		next         string
+		outbound     string
+		outboundType string
+	)
 	if rule == nil {
 		if defaultOutbound, err := router.DefaultOutbound(N.NetworkTCP); err == nil {
 			next = defaultOutbound.Tag()
@@ -106,17 +144,17 @@ func NewTCPTracker(conn net.Conn, manager *Manager, metadata Metadata, router ad
 		if !loaded {
 			break
 		}
+		outbound = detour.Tag()
+		outboundType = detour.Type()
 		group, isGroup := detour.(adapter.OutboundGroup)
 		if !isGroup {
 			break
 		}
 		next = group.Now()
 	}
-
 	upload := new(atomic.Int64)
 	download := new(atomic.Int64)
-
-	t := &tcpTracker{
+	tracker := &TCPConn{
 		ExtendedConn: bufio.NewCounterConn(conn, []N.CountFunc{func(n int64) {
 			upload.Add(n)
 			manager.PushUploaded(n)
@@ -124,64 +162,62 @@ func NewTCPTracker(conn net.Conn, manager *Manager, metadata Metadata, router ad
 			download.Add(n)
 			manager.PushDownloaded(n)
 		}}),
-		manager: manager,
-		trackerInfo: &trackerInfo{
-			UUID:          uuid,
-			Start:         time.Now(),
-			Metadata:      metadata,
-			Chain:         common.Reverse(chain),
-			Rule:          "",
-			UploadTotal:   upload,
-			DownloadTotal: download,
+		metadata: TrackerMetadata{
+			ID:           id,
+			Metadata:     metadata,
+			CreatedAt:    time.Now(),
+			Upload:       upload,
+			Download:     download,
+			Chain:        common.Reverse(chain),
+			Rule:         rule,
+			Outbound:     outbound,
+			OutboundType: outboundType,
 		},
+		manager: manager,
 	}
-
-	if rule != nil {
-		t.trackerInfo.Rule = rule.String() + " => " + rule.Outbound()
-	} else {
-		t.trackerInfo.Rule = "final"
-	}
-
-	manager.Join(t)
-	return t
+	manager.Join(tracker)
+	return tracker
 }

-type udpTracker struct {
+type UDPConn struct {
 	N.PacketConn `json:"-"`
-	*trackerInfo
-	manager *Manager
+	metadata     TrackerMetadata
+	manager      *Manager
 }

-func (ut *udpTracker) ID() string {
-	return ut.UUID.String()
+func (ut *UDPConn) Metadata() TrackerMetadata {
+	return ut.metadata
 }

-func (ut *udpTracker) Close() error {
+func (ut *UDPConn) Close() error {
 	ut.manager.Leave(ut)
 	return ut.PacketConn.Close()
 }

-func (ut *udpTracker) Leave() {
+func (ut *UDPConn) Leave() {
 	ut.manager.Leave(ut)
 }

-func (ut *udpTracker) Upstream() any {
+func (ut *UDPConn) Upstream() any {
 	return ut.PacketConn
 }

-func (ut *udpTracker) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
+func (ut *UDPConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
 	return true
 }

-func (ut *udpTracker) WriterReplaceable() bool {
+func (ut *UDPConn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
 	return true
 }

-func NewUDPTracker(conn N.PacketConn, manager *Manager, metadata Metadata, router adapter.Router, rule adapter.Rule) *udpTracker {
-	uuid, _ := uuid.NewV4()
-
-	var chain []string
-	var next string
+func NewUDPTracker(conn N.PacketConn, manager *Manager, metadata adapter.InboundContext, router adapter.Router, rule adapter.Rule) *UDPConn {
+	id, _ := uuid.NewV4()
+	var (
+		chain        []string
+		next         string
+		outbound     string
+		outboundType string
+	)
 	if rule == nil {
 		if defaultOutbound, err := router.DefaultOutbound(N.NetworkUDP); err == nil {
 			next = defaultOutbound.Tag()
@@ -195,17 +231,17 @@ func NewUDPTracker(conn N.PacketConn, manager *Manager, metadata Metadata, route
 		if !loaded {
 			break
 		}
+		outbound = detour.Tag()
+		outboundType = detour.Type()
 		group, isGroup := detour.(adapter.OutboundGroup)
 		if !isGroup {
 			break
 		}
 		next = group.Now()
 	}
-
 	upload := new(atomic.Int64)
 	download := new(atomic.Int64)
-
-	ut := &udpTracker{
+	trackerConn := &UDPConn{
 		PacketConn: bufio.NewCounterPacketConn(conn, []N.CountFunc{func(n int64) {
 			upload.Add(n)
 			manager.PushUploaded(n)
@@ -213,24 +249,19 @@ func NewUDPTracker(conn N.PacketConn, manager *Manager, metadata Metadata, route
 			download.Add(n)
 			manager.PushDownloaded(n)
 		}}),
-		manager: manager,
-		trackerInfo: &trackerInfo{
-			UUID:          uuid,
-			Start:         time.Now(),
-			Metadata:      metadata,
-			Chain:         common.Reverse(chain),
-			Rule:          "",
-			UploadTotal:   upload,
-			DownloadTotal: download,
+		metadata: TrackerMetadata{
+			ID:           id,
+			Metadata:     metadata,
+			CreatedAt:    time.Now(),
+			Upload:       upload,
+			Download:     download,
+			Chain:        common.Reverse(chain),
+			Rule:         rule,
+			Outbound:     outbound,
+			OutboundType: outboundType,
 		},
+		manager: manager,
 	}
-
-	if rule != nil {
-		ut.trackerInfo.Rule = rule.String() + " => " + rule.Outbound()
-	} else {
-		ut.trackerInfo.Rule = "final"
-	}
-
-	manager.Join(ut)
-	return ut
+	manager.Join(trackerConn)
+	return trackerConn
 }
@@ -14,4 +14,6 @@ const (
 	CommandSetClashMode
 	CommandGetSystemProxyStatus
 	CommandSetSystemProxyEnabled
+	CommandConnections
+	CommandCloseConnection
 )
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/clashapi"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

 func (c *CommandClient) SetClashMode(newMode string) error {
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) SetClashMode(newMode string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteVString(conn, newMode)
+	err = varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, newMode)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) SetClashMode(newMode string) error {
 }

 func (s *CommandServer) handleSetClashMode(conn net.Conn) error {
-	newMode, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+	newMode, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) handleModeConn(conn net.Conn) {
 	defer conn.Close()

 	for {
-		newMode, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+		newMode, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 		if err != nil {
 			c.handler.Disconnected(err.Error())
 			return
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func (s *CommandServer) handleModeConn(conn net.Conn) error {
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-s.modeUpdate:
-			err = rw.WriteVString(conn, clashServer.Mode())
+			err = varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, clashServer.Mode())
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -101,12 +101,12 @@ func readClashModeList(reader io.Reader) (modeList []string, currentMode string,
 	}
 	modeList = make([]string, modeListLength)
 	for i := 0; i < int(modeListLength); i++ {
-		modeList[i], err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+		modeList[i], err = varbin.ReadValue[string](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 		if err != nil {
 			return
 		}
 	}
-	currentMode, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+	currentMode, err = varbin.ReadValue[string](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 	return
 }

@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ func writeClashModeList(writer io.Writer, clashServer adapter.ClashServer) error
 	}
 	if len(modeList) > 0 {
 		for _, mode := range modeList {
-			err = rw.WriteVString(writer, mode)
+			err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, mode)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
-		err = rw.WriteVString(writer, clashServer.Mode())
+		err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, clashServer.Mode())
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -25,12 +25,13 @@ type CommandClientOptions struct {
 type CommandClientHandler interface {
 	Connected()
 	Disconnected(message string)
-	ClearLog()
-	WriteLog(message string)
+	ClearLogs()
+	WriteLogs(messageList StringIterator)
 	WriteStatus(message *StatusMessage)
 	WriteGroups(message OutboundGroupIterator)
 	InitializeClashMode(modeList StringIterator, currentMode string)
 	UpdateClashMode(newMode string)
+	WriteConnections(message *Connections)
 }

 func NewStandaloneCommandClient() *CommandClient {
@@ -83,6 +84,10 @@ func (c *CommandClient) Connect() error {
 	}
 	switch c.options.Command {
 	case CommandLog:
+		err = binary.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, c.options.StatusInterval)
+		if err != nil {
+			return E.Cause(err, "write interval")
+		}
 		c.handler.Connected()
 		go c.handleLogConn(conn)
 	case CommandStatus:
@@ -116,6 +121,13 @@ func (c *CommandClient) Connect() error {
 			return nil
 		}
 		go c.handleModeConn(conn)
+	case CommandConnections:
+		err = binary.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, c.options.StatusInterval)
+		if err != nil {
+			return E.Cause(err, "write interval")
+		}
+		c.handler.Connected()
+		go c.handleConnectionsConn(conn)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package libbox
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"net"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/clashapi"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/binary"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
+
+	"github.com/gofrs/uuid/v5"
+)
+
+func (c *CommandClient) CloseConnection(connId string) error {
+	conn, err := c.directConnect()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+	writer := bufio.NewWriter(conn)
+	err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, connId)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = writer.Flush()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return readError(conn)
+}
+
+func (s *CommandServer) handleCloseConnection(conn net.Conn) error {
+	reader := bufio.NewReader(conn)
+	var connId string
+	err := varbin.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &connId)
+	if err != nil {
+		return E.Cause(err, "read connection id")
+	}
+	service := s.service
+	if service == nil {
+		return writeError(conn, E.New("service not ready"))
+	}
+	clashServer := service.instance.Router().ClashServer()
+	if clashServer == nil {
+		return writeError(conn, E.New("Clash API disabled"))
+	}
+	targetConn := clashServer.(*clashapi.Server).TrafficManager().Connection(uuid.FromStringOrNil(connId))
+	if targetConn == nil {
+		return writeError(conn, E.New("connection already closed"))
+	}
+	targetConn.Close()
+	return writeError(conn, nil)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+package libbox
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"net"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/clashapi"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/clashapi/trafficontrol"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/binary"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
+
+	"github.com/gofrs/uuid/v5"
+)
+
+func (c *CommandClient) handleConnectionsConn(conn net.Conn) {
+	defer conn.Close()
+	reader := bufio.NewReader(conn)
+	var (
+		rawConnections []Connection
+		connections    Connections
+	)
+	for {
+		err := varbin.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &rawConnections)
+		if err != nil {
+			c.handler.Disconnected(err.Error())
+			return
+		}
+		connections.input = rawConnections
+		c.handler.WriteConnections(&connections)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *CommandServer) handleConnectionsConn(conn net.Conn) error {
+	var interval int64
+	err := binary.Read(conn, binary.BigEndian, &interval)
+	if err != nil {
+		return E.Cause(err, "read interval")
+	}
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Duration(interval))
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	ctx := connKeepAlive(conn)
+	var trafficManager *trafficontrol.Manager
+	for {
+		service := s.service
+		if service != nil {
+			clashServer := service.instance.Router().ClashServer()
+			if clashServer == nil {
+				return E.New("Clash API disabled")
+			}
+			trafficManager = clashServer.(*clashapi.Server).TrafficManager()
+			break
+		}
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		case <-ticker.C:
+		}
+	}
+	var (
+		connections    = make(map[uuid.UUID]*Connection)
+		outConnections []Connection
+	)
+	writer := bufio.NewWriter(conn)
+	for {
+		outConnections = outConnections[:0]
+		for _, connection := range trafficManager.Connections() {
+			outConnections = append(outConnections, newConnection(connections, connection, false))
+		}
+		for _, connection := range trafficManager.ClosedConnections() {
+			outConnections = append(outConnections, newConnection(connections, connection, true))
+		}
+		err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, outConnections)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = writer.Flush()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		case <-ticker.C:
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+const (
+	ConnectionStateAll = iota
+	ConnectionStateActive
+	ConnectionStateClosed
+)
+
+type Connections struct {
+	input    []Connection
+	filtered []Connection
+}
+
+func (c *Connections) FilterState(state int32) {
+	c.filtered = c.filtered[:0]
+	switch state {
+	case ConnectionStateAll:
+		c.filtered = append(c.filtered, c.input...)
+	case ConnectionStateActive:
+		for _, connection := range c.input {
+			if connection.ClosedAt == 0 {
+				c.filtered = append(c.filtered, connection)
+			}
+		}
+	case ConnectionStateClosed:
+		for _, connection := range c.input {
+			if connection.ClosedAt != 0 {
+				c.filtered = append(c.filtered, connection)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Connections) SortByDate() {
+	slices.SortStableFunc(c.filtered, func(x, y Connection) int {
+		if x.CreatedAt < y.CreatedAt {
+			return 1
+		} else if x.CreatedAt > y.CreatedAt {
+			return -1
+		} else {
+			return strings.Compare(y.ID, x.ID)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func (c *Connections) SortByTraffic() {
+	slices.SortStableFunc(c.filtered, func(x, y Connection) int {
+		xTraffic := x.Uplink + x.Downlink
+		yTraffic := y.Uplink + y.Downlink
+		if xTraffic < yTraffic {
+			return 1
+		} else if xTraffic > yTraffic {
+			return -1
+		} else {
+			return strings.Compare(y.ID, x.ID)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func (c *Connections) SortByTrafficTotal() {
+	slices.SortStableFunc(c.filtered, func(x, y Connection) int {
+		xTraffic := x.UplinkTotal + x.DownlinkTotal
+		yTraffic := y.UplinkTotal + y.DownlinkTotal
+		if xTraffic < yTraffic {
+			return 1
+		} else if xTraffic > yTraffic {
+			return -1
+		} else {
+			return strings.Compare(y.ID, x.ID)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func (c *Connections) Iterator() ConnectionIterator {
+	return newPtrIterator(c.filtered)
+}
+
+type Connection struct {
+	ID            string
+	Inbound       string
+	InboundType   string
+	IPVersion     int32
+	Network       string
+	Source        string
+	Destination   string
+	Domain        string
+	Protocol      string
+	User          string
+	FromOutbound  string
+	CreatedAt     int64
+	ClosedAt      int64
+	Uplink        int64
+	Downlink      int64
+	UplinkTotal   int64
+	DownlinkTotal int64
+	Rule          string
+	Outbound      string
+	OutboundType  string
+	ChainList     []string
+}
+
+func (c *Connection) Chain() StringIterator {
+	return newIterator(c.ChainList)
+}
+
+func (c *Connection) DisplayDestination() string {
+	destination := M.ParseSocksaddr(c.Destination)
+	if destination.IsIP() && c.Domain != "" {
+		destination = M.Socksaddr{
+			Fqdn: c.Domain,
+			Port: destination.Port,
+		}
+		return destination.String()
+	}
+	return c.Destination
+}
+
+type ConnectionIterator interface {
+	Next() *Connection
+	HasNext() bool
+}
+
+func newConnection(connections map[uuid.UUID]*Connection, metadata trafficontrol.TrackerMetadata, isClosed bool) Connection {
+	if oldConnection, loaded := connections[metadata.ID]; loaded {
+		if isClosed {
+			if oldConnection.ClosedAt == 0 {
+				oldConnection.Uplink = 0
+				oldConnection.Downlink = 0
+				oldConnection.ClosedAt = metadata.ClosedAt.UnixMilli()
+			}
+			return *oldConnection
+		}
+		lastUplink := oldConnection.UplinkTotal
+		lastDownlink := oldConnection.DownlinkTotal
+		uplinkTotal := metadata.Upload.Load()
+		downlinkTotal := metadata.Download.Load()
+		oldConnection.Uplink = uplinkTotal - lastUplink
+		oldConnection.Downlink = downlinkTotal - lastDownlink
+		oldConnection.UplinkTotal = uplinkTotal
+		oldConnection.DownlinkTotal = downlinkTotal
+		return *oldConnection
+	}
+	var rule string
+	if metadata.Rule != nil {
+		rule = metadata.Rule.String()
+	}
+	uplinkTotal := metadata.Upload.Load()
+	downlinkTotal := metadata.Download.Load()
+	uplink := uplinkTotal
+	downlink := downlinkTotal
+	var closedAt int64
+	if !metadata.ClosedAt.IsZero() {
+		closedAt = metadata.ClosedAt.UnixMilli()
+		uplink = 0
+		downlink = 0
+	}
+	connection := Connection{
+		ID:            metadata.ID.String(),
+		Inbound:       metadata.Metadata.Inbound,
+		InboundType:   metadata.Metadata.InboundType,
+		IPVersion:     int32(metadata.Metadata.IPVersion),
+		Network:       metadata.Metadata.Network,
+		Source:        metadata.Metadata.Source.String(),
+		Destination:   metadata.Metadata.Destination.String(),
+		Domain:        metadata.Metadata.Domain,
+		Protocol:      metadata.Metadata.Protocol,
+		User:          metadata.Metadata.User,
+		FromOutbound:  metadata.Metadata.Outbound,
+		CreatedAt:     metadata.CreatedAt.UnixMilli(),
+		ClosedAt:      closedAt,
+		Uplink:        uplink,
+		Downlink:      downlink,
+		UplinkTotal:   uplinkTotal,
+		DownlinkTotal: downlinkTotal,
+		Rule:          rule,
+		Outbound:      metadata.Outbound,
+		OutboundType:  metadata.OutboundType,
+		ChainList:     metadata.Chain,
+	}
+	connections[metadata.ID] = &connection
+	return connection
+}
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package libbox

 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"io"
 	"net"
@@ -10,40 +11,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/urltest"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/outbound"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )

-type OutboundGroup struct {
-	Tag        string
-	Type       string
-	Selectable bool
-	Selected   string
-	IsExpand   bool
-	items      []*OutboundGroupItem
-}
-
-func (g *OutboundGroup) GetItems() OutboundGroupItemIterator {
-	return newIterator(g.items)
-}
-
-type OutboundGroupIterator interface {
-	Next() *OutboundGroup
-	HasNext() bool
-}
-
-type OutboundGroupItem struct {
-	Tag          string
-	Type         string
-	URLTestTime  int64
-	URLTestDelay int32
-}
-
-type OutboundGroupItemIterator interface {
-	Next() *OutboundGroupItem
-	HasNext() bool
-}
-
 func (c *CommandClient) handleGroupConn(conn net.Conn) {
 	defer conn.Close()

@@ -66,19 +37,24 @@ func (s *CommandServer) handleGroupConn(conn net.Conn) error {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Duration(interval))
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 	ctx := connKeepAlive(conn)
+	writer := bufio.NewWriter(conn)
 	for {
 		service := s.service
 		if service != nil {
-			err := writeGroups(conn, service)
+			err = writeGroups(writer, service)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		} else {
-			err := binary.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, uint16(0))
+			err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint16(0))
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
+		err = writer.Flush()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 		select {
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			return ctx.Err()
@@ -92,74 +68,41 @@ func (s *CommandServer) handleGroupConn(conn net.Conn) error {
 	}
 }

+type OutboundGroup struct {
+	Tag        string
+	Type       string
+	Selectable bool
+	Selected   string
+	IsExpand   bool
+	ItemList   []*OutboundGroupItem
+}
+
+func (g *OutboundGroup) GetItems() OutboundGroupItemIterator {
+	return newIterator(g.ItemList)
+}
+
+type OutboundGroupIterator interface {
+	Next() *OutboundGroup
+	HasNext() bool
+}
+
+type OutboundGroupItem struct {
+	Tag          string
+	Type         string
+	URLTestTime  int64
+	URLTestDelay int32
+}
+
+type OutboundGroupItemIterator interface {
+	Next() *OutboundGroupItem
+	HasNext() bool
+}
+
 func readGroups(reader io.Reader) (OutboundGroupIterator, error) {
-	var groupLength uint16
-	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &groupLength)
+	groups, err := varbin.ReadValue[[]*OutboundGroup](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-
-	groups := make([]*OutboundGroup, 0, groupLength)
-	for i := 0; i < int(groupLength); i++ {
-		var group OutboundGroup
-		group.Tag, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		group.Type, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &group.Selectable)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		group.Selected, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &group.IsExpand)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		var itemLength uint16
-		err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &itemLength)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		group.items = make([]*OutboundGroupItem, itemLength)
-		for j := 0; j < int(itemLength); j++ {
-			var item OutboundGroupItem
-			item.Tag, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-
-			item.Type, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-
-			err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &item.URLTestTime)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-
-			err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &item.URLTestDelay)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-
-			group.items[j] = &item
-		}
-		groups = append(groups, &group)
-	}
 	return newIterator(groups), nil
 }

@@ -199,63 +142,14 @@ func writeGroups(writer io.Writer, boxService *BoxService) error {
 				item.URLTestTime = history.Time.Unix()
 				item.URLTestDelay = int32(history.Delay)
 			}
-			group.items = append(group.items, &item)
+			group.ItemList = append(group.ItemList, &item)
 		}
-		if len(group.items) < 2 {
+		if len(group.ItemList) < 2 {
 			continue
 		}
 		groups = append(groups, group)
 	}
-
-	err := binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint16(len(groups)))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	for _, group := range groups {
-		err = rw.WriteVString(writer, group.Tag)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = rw.WriteVString(writer, group.Type)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, group.Selectable)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = rw.WriteVString(writer, group.Selected)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, group.IsExpand)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint16(len(group.items)))
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		for _, item := range group.items {
-			err = rw.WriteVString(writer, item.Tag)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			err = rw.WriteVString(writer, item.Type)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, item.URLTestTime)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, item.URLTestDelay)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
+	return varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, groups)
 }

 func (c *CommandClient) SetGroupExpand(groupTag string, isExpand bool) error {
@@ -268,7 +162,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) SetGroupExpand(groupTag string, isExpand bool) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteVString(conn, groupTag)
+	err = varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, groupTag)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -280,7 +174,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) SetGroupExpand(groupTag string, isExpand bool) error {
 }

 func (s *CommandServer) handleSetGroupExpand(conn net.Conn) error {
-	groupTag, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+	groupTag, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -1,12 +1,27 @@
 package libbox

 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/binary"
 	"io"
 	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/binary"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

+func (s *CommandServer) ResetLog() {
+	s.access.Lock()
+	defer s.access.Unlock()
+	s.savedLines.Init()
+	select {
+	case s.logReset <- struct{}{}:
+	default:
+	}
+}
+
 func (s *CommandServer) WriteMessage(message string) {
 	s.subscriber.Emit(message)
 	s.access.Lock()
@@ -17,43 +32,19 @@ func (s *CommandServer) WriteMessage(message string) {
 	s.access.Unlock()
 }

-func readLog(reader io.Reader) ([]byte, error) {
-	var messageLength uint16
-	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &messageLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if messageLength == 0 {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	data := make([]byte, messageLength)
-	_, err = io.ReadFull(reader, data)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return data, nil
-}
-
-func writeLog(writer io.Writer, message []byte) error {
-	err := binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint8(0))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	err = binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint16(len(message)))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if len(message) > 0 {
-		_, err = writer.Write(message)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-func writeClearLog(writer io.Writer) error {
-	return binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, uint8(1))
-}
-
 func (s *CommandServer) handleLogConn(conn net.Conn) error {
+	var (
+		interval int64
+		timer    *time.Timer
+	)
+	err := binary.Read(conn, binary.BigEndian, &interval)
+	if err != nil {
+		return E.Cause(err, "read interval")
+	}
+	timer = time.NewTimer(time.Duration(interval))
+	if !timer.Stop() {
+		<-timer.C
+	}
 	var savedLines []string
 	s.access.Lock()
 	savedLines = make([]string, 0, s.savedLines.Len())
@@ -66,52 +57,90 @@ func (s *CommandServer) handleLogConn(conn net.Conn) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	defer s.observer.UnSubscribe(subscription)
-	for _, line := range savedLines {
-		err = writeLog(conn, []byte(line))
+	writer := bufio.NewWriter(conn)
+	select {
+	case <-s.logReset:
+		err = writer.WriteByte(1)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = writer.Flush()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	default:
+	}
+	if len(savedLines) > 0 {
+		err = writer.WriteByte(0)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, savedLines)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 	ctx := connKeepAlive(conn)
+	var logLines []string
 	for {
+		err = writer.Flush()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 		select {
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			return ctx.Err()
-		case message := <-subscription:
-			err = writeLog(conn, []byte(message))
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
 		case <-s.logReset:
-			err = writeClearLog(conn)
+			err = writer.WriteByte(1)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		case <-done:
 			return nil
+		case logLine := <-subscription:
+			logLines = logLines[:0]
+			logLines = append(logLines, logLine)
+			timer.Reset(time.Duration(interval))
+		loopLogs:
+			for {
+				select {
+				case logLine = <-subscription:
+					logLines = append(logLines, logLine)
+				case <-timer.C:
+					break loopLogs
+				}
+			}
+			err = writer.WriteByte(0)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, logLines)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }

 func (c *CommandClient) handleLogConn(conn net.Conn) {
+	reader := bufio.NewReader(conn)
 	for {
-		var messageType uint8
-		err := binary.Read(conn, binary.BigEndian, &messageType)
+		messageType, err := reader.ReadByte()
 		if err != nil {
 			c.handler.Disconnected(err.Error())
 			return
 		}
-		var message []byte
+		var messages []string
 		switch messageType {
 		case 0:
-			message, err = readLog(conn)
+			err = varbin.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &messages)
 			if err != nil {
 				c.handler.Disconnected(err.Error())
 				return
 			}
-			c.handler.WriteLog(string(message))
+			c.handler.WriteLogs(newIterator(messages))
 		case 1:
-			c.handler.ClearLog()
+			c.handler.ClearLogs()
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -120,7 +149,7 @@ func connKeepAlive(reader io.Reader) context.Context {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancelCause(context.Background())
 	go func() {
 		for {
-			_, err := readLog(reader)
+			_, err := reader.Read(make([]byte, 1))
 			if err != nil {
 				cancel(err)
 				return
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"net"

 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

 func (c *CommandClient) ServiceReload() error {
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) ServiceReload() error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if hasError {
-		errorMessage, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+		errorMessage, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func (s *CommandServer) handleServiceReload(conn net.Conn) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if rErr != nil {
-		return rw.WriteVString(conn, rErr.Error())
+		return varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, rErr.Error())
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) ServiceClose() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 	if hasError {
-		errorMessage, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+		errorMessage, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func (s *CommandServer) handleServiceClose(conn net.Conn) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if rErr != nil {
-		return rw.WriteVString(conn, rErr.Error())
+		return varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, rErr.Error())
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/outbound"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

 func (c *CommandClient) SelectOutbound(groupTag string, outboundTag string) error {
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@ func (c *CommandClient) SelectOutbound(groupTag string, outboundTag string) erro
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteVString(conn, groupTag)
+	err = varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, groupTag)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteVString(conn, outboundTag)
+	err = varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, outboundTag)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ func (c *CommandClient) SelectOutbound(groupTag string, outboundTag string) erro
 }

 func (s *CommandServer) handleSelectOutbound(conn net.Conn) error {
-	groupTag, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+	groupTag, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	outboundTag, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+	outboundTag, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ type CommandServer struct {
 	urlTestUpdate chan struct{}
 	modeUpdate    chan struct{}
 	logReset      chan struct{}
+
+	closedConnections []Connection
 }

 type CommandServerHandler interface {
@@ -64,14 +66,6 @@ func (s *CommandServer) SetService(newService *BoxService) {
 	s.notifyURLTestUpdate()
 }

-func (s *CommandServer) ResetLog() {
-	s.savedLines.Init()
-	select {
-	case s.logReset <- struct{}{}:
-	default:
-	}
-}
-
 func (s *CommandServer) notifyURLTestUpdate() {
 	select {
 	case s.urlTestUpdate <- struct{}{}:
@@ -176,6 +170,10 @@ func (s *CommandServer) handleConnection(conn net.Conn) error {
 		return s.handleGetSystemProxyStatus(conn)
 	case CommandSetSystemProxyEnabled:
 		return s.handleSetSystemProxyEnabled(conn)
+	case CommandConnections:
+		return s.handleConnectionsConn(conn)
+	case CommandCloseConnection:
+		return s.handleCloseConnection(conn)
 	default:
 		return E.New("unknown command: ", command)
 	}
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"io"

 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

 func readError(reader io.Reader) error {
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ func readError(reader io.Reader) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if hasError {
-		errorMessage, err := rw.ReadVString(reader)
+		errorMessage, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func writeError(writer io.Writer, wErr error) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if wErr != nil {
-		err = rw.WriteVString(writer, wErr.Error())
+		err = varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, wErr.Error())
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func (s *CommandServer) readStatus() StatusMessage {
 			trafficManager := clashServer.(*clashapi.Server).TrafficManager()
 			message.Uplink, message.Downlink = trafficManager.Now()
 			message.UplinkTotal, message.DownlinkTotal = trafficManager.Total()
-			message.ConnectionsIn = int32(trafficManager.Connections())
+			message.ConnectionsIn = int32(trafficManager.ConnectionsLen())
 		}
 	}

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/batch"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) URLTest(groupTag string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = rw.WriteVString(conn, groupTag)
+	err = varbin.Write(conn, binary.BigEndian, groupTag)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func (c *CommandClient) URLTest(groupTag string) error {
 }

 func (s *CommandServer) handleURLTest(conn net.Conn) error {
-	groupTag, err := rw.ReadVString(conn)
+	groupTag, err := varbin.ReadValue[string](conn, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -69,8 +69,7 @@ func (p *platformLocalDNSTransport) Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *mDNS.
 		context: ctx,
 	}
 	var responseMessage *mDNS.Msg
-	var group task.Group
-	group.Append0(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+	return responseMessage, task.Run(ctx, func() error {
 		err = p.iif.Exchange(response, messageBytes)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -81,11 +80,6 @@ func (p *platformLocalDNSTransport) Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *mDNS.
 		responseMessage = &response.message
 		return nil
 	})
-	err = group.Run(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return responseMessage, nil
 }

 func (p *platformLocalDNSTransport) Lookup(ctx context.Context, domain string, strategy dns.DomainStrategy) ([]netip.Addr, error) {
@@ -102,8 +96,7 @@ func (p *platformLocalDNSTransport) Lookup(ctx context.Context, domain string, s
 		context: ctx,
 	}
 	var responseAddr []netip.Addr
-	var group task.Group
-	group.Append0(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+	return responseAddr, task.Run(ctx, func() error {
 		err := p.iif.Lookup(response, network, domain)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -128,11 +121,6 @@ func (p *platformLocalDNSTransport) Lookup(ctx context.Context, domain string, s
 		}*/
 		return nil
 	})
-	err := group.Run(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return responseAddr, nil
 }

 type Func interface {
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ package libbox
 import "github.com/sagernet/sing/common"

 type StringIterator interface {
-	Next() string
+	Len() int32
 	HasNext() bool
+	Next() string
 }

 var _ StringIterator = (*iterator[string])(nil)
@@ -17,6 +18,18 @@ func newIterator[T any](values []T) *iterator[T] {
 	return &iterator[T]{values}
 }

+func newPtrIterator[T any](values []T) *iterator[*T] {
+	return &iterator[*T]{common.Map(values, func(value T) *T { return &value })}
+}
+
+func (i *iterator[T]) Len() int32 {
+	return int32(len(i.values))
+}
+
+func (i *iterator[T]) HasNext() bool {
+	return len(i.values) > 0
+}
+
 func (i *iterator[T]) Next() T {
 	if len(i.values) == 0 {
 		return common.DefaultValue[T]()
@@ -26,10 +39,6 @@ func (i *iterator[T]) Next() T {
 	return nextValue
 }

-func (i *iterator[T]) HasNext() bool {
-	return len(i.values) > 0
-}
-
 type abstractIterator[T any] interface {
 	Next() T
 	HasNext() bool
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 package libbox

 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
 	"compress/gzip"
 	"encoding/binary"
-	"io"

 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

 func EncodeChunkedMessage(data []byte) []byte {
@@ -35,13 +35,13 @@ type ErrorMessage struct {
 func (e *ErrorMessage) Encode() []byte {
 	var buffer bytes.Buffer
 	buffer.WriteByte(MessageTypeError)
-	rw.WriteVString(&buffer, e.Message)
+	varbin.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, e.Message)
 	return buffer.Bytes()
 }

 func DecodeErrorMessage(data []byte) (*ErrorMessage, error) {
 	reader := bytes.NewReader(data)
-	messageType, err := rw.ReadByte(reader)
+	messageType, err := reader.ReadByte()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func DecodeErrorMessage(data []byte) (*ErrorMessage, error) {
 		return nil, E.New("invalid message")
 	}
 	var message ErrorMessage
-	message.Message, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+	message.Message, err = varbin.ReadValue[string](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func (e *ProfileEncoder) Encode() []byte {
 	binary.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, uint16(len(e.profiles)))
 	for _, preview := range e.profiles {
 		binary.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, preview.ProfileID)
-		rw.WriteVString(&buffer, preview.Name)
+		varbin.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, preview.Name)
 		binary.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, preview.Type)
 	}
 	return buffer.Bytes()
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func (d *ProfileDecoder) Decode(data []byte) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		profile.Name, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+		profile.Name, err = varbin.ReadValue[string](reader, binary.BigEndian)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func (r *ProfileContentRequest) Encode() []byte {

 func DecodeProfileContentRequest(data []byte) (*ProfileContentRequest, error) {
 	reader := bytes.NewReader(data)
-	messageType, err := rw.ReadByte(reader)
+	messageType, err := reader.ReadByte()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -176,12 +176,13 @@ func (c *ProfileContent) Encode() []byte {
 	buffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	buffer.WriteByte(MessageTypeProfileContent)
 	buffer.WriteByte(1)
-	writer := gzip.NewWriter(buffer)
-	rw.WriteVString(writer, c.Name)
+	gWriter := gzip.NewWriter(buffer)
+	writer := bufio.NewWriter(gWriter)
+	varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, c.Name)
 	binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, c.Type)
-	rw.WriteVString(writer, c.Config)
+	varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, c.Config)
 	if c.Type != ProfileTypeLocal {
-		rw.WriteVString(writer, c.RemotePath)
+		varbin.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, c.RemotePath)
 	}
 	if c.Type == ProfileTypeRemote {
 		binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, c.AutoUpdate)
@@ -189,29 +190,31 @@ func (c *ProfileContent) Encode() []byte {
 		binary.Write(writer, binary.BigEndian, c.LastUpdated)
 	}
 	writer.Flush()
-	writer.Close()
+	gWriter.Flush()
+	gWriter.Close()
 	return buffer.Bytes()
 }

 func DecodeProfileContent(data []byte) (*ProfileContent, error) {
-	var reader io.Reader = bytes.NewReader(data)
-	messageType, err := rw.ReadByte(reader)
+	reader := bytes.NewReader(data)
+	messageType, err := reader.ReadByte()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if messageType != MessageTypeProfileContent {
 		return nil, E.New("invalid message")
 	}
-	version, err := rw.ReadByte(reader)
+	version, err := reader.ReadByte()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	reader, err = gzip.NewReader(reader)
+	gReader, err := gzip.NewReader(reader)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, E.Cause(err, "unsupported profile")
 	}
+	bReader := varbin.StubReader(gReader)
 	var content ProfileContent
-	content.Name, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+	content.Name, err = varbin.ReadValue[string](bReader, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -219,12 +222,12 @@ func DecodeProfileContent(data []byte) (*ProfileContent, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	content.Config, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+	content.Config, err = varbin.ReadValue[string](bReader, binary.BigEndian)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if content.Type != ProfileTypeLocal {
-		content.RemotePath, err = rw.ReadVString(reader)
+		content.RemotePath, err = varbin.ReadValue[string](bReader, binary.BigEndian)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
世界	d46daeb790	documentation: Bump version	2024-07-13 17:47:57 +08:00
世界	fafc7e76ba	Add inline rule-set & Add reload for local rule-set	2024-07-13 17:47:41 +08:00
世界	ec167cf4d2	Unique rule-set names	2024-07-13 17:47:41 +08:00
世界	9f20431d9c	Add accept empty DNS rule option	2024-07-13 17:47:40 +08:00
世界	4fc69e5ce6	Add custom options for TUN `auto-route` and `auto-redirect`	2024-07-13 17:47:40 +08:00
世界	0e69a92f14	Improve base DNS transports	2024-07-13 17:47:39 +08:00
世界	5945bec4c8	Add auto-redirect & Improve auto-route	2024-07-13 17:47:39 +08:00
世界	9f91a0ce2b	Add `rule-set decompile` command	2024-07-13 17:47:39 +08:00
世界	317d498a12	Add IP address support for `rule-set match` match	2024-07-13 17:47:39 +08:00
世界	9e99fc1764	WTF is this	2024-07-13 17:47:39 +08:00
世界	8f991720a6	platform: Fix clash server reload on android	2024-07-13 17:47:39 +08:00
世界	bc6ae998c0	platform: Add log update interval	2024-07-13 17:47:38 +08:00
世界	27f0705968	platform: Prepare connections list	2024-07-13 17:47:38 +08:00
世界	2feb4b71e9	Drop support for go1.18 and go1.19	2024-07-13 17:47:38 +08:00
世界	d41dad9a22	Introduce DTLS sniffer	2024-07-13 17:47:38 +08:00
iosmanthusand世界	4c0ddf250f	Introduce bittorrent related protocol sniffers * Introduce bittorrent related protocol sniffers including, sniffers of 1. BitTorrent Protocol (TCP) 2. uTorrent Transport Protocol (UDP) Signed-off-by: iosmanthus <myosmanthustree@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: 世界 <i@sekai.icu>	2024-07-13 17:47:38 +08:00